Professor Geert Hofstede's Theory Of The Cultural Dimension Theory

Superior Essays
The Cultural Dimension Theory is a theory that Professor Geert Hofstede developed beginning in the 1970’s. The theory analyzes the connections between communications and behaviors between cultures. The original theory consisted of four dimensions, and over the years it expanded to six dimensions. Power Distance Index, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, Individualism Versus Collectivism, Masculinity Versus Femininity, Long Term Orientation Versus Short Term Orientation, and Indulgence Versus Restraint. In the theory, there was a lot of data that was utilized, the source of the data came from surveys that were conducted by International Business Machines or IBM. In the original data, employees from IBM who worked in 50 different countries completed …show more content…
The research found that between the different cultures a woman’s values would change much less than a mans would. A masculinity culture would have men and women who are more assertive. Work would be more important than family and girls would cry, whoever boys would not. Masculinity is found in Japan, German speaking countries, and English speaking Western Countries. Femininity would consist of men and women who are sensitive and caring. There is a healthy work life balance, the weak are sympathized, and both boys and girls cry. Femininity is found Latin and Asian countries. (Hofstede, 2011, p. …show more content…
They will have lower birth rates in their educated populations. They will have a lower level of obesity, and will also be less active in sporting activities. However, generally speaking they will have a higher level of police officers to enforce the laws. The countries who fall into this group will be found in Eastern Europe, Asian, and the Middle East.

References
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1014.
Lund, D. J., Scheer, L. K., & Kozlenkova, I. V. (2013). Culture's impact on the importance of fairness in inter-organizational relationships. Journal of International Marketing, 21(4), 21-43. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.umuc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=92698501&site=eds-live&scope=site.
Vrânceanu, C. A., & Iorgulescu, M. (2016). A look at Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions in two service sectors from Romania. Amfiteatru Economic, 18(10), 875-884. Retrieved from

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Hofstede’s cultural dimensions consist of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism and masculinity. It can be a great benefit when it comes to exploring a country’s culture. The Hofstede’s cultural dimensions allows one to compare more countries with each other and quickly shows what the cultural differences exist, which are brought into alignment and how they uniquely different. As an international manager, I use this information to effective understanding a country’s cultural differences and social norms and gaining insights into the understated differences and needs of the different cultures.…

    • 149 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Blurred lines and confused explanations comprise the difference between culture and social structure in the public eye, but sociologists tend to see culture as a unifying set of behaviors, attitudes, values, and beliefs that hold a group together, while social structure is the de jure framework - governments, institutions, businesses, groups - that people inhabit. In this sense, culture can be broadly defined as the ties that bind, those intangibles that give individuals an identity and a pattern of behaviors to emulate in their own lives. The origin of all societal patterns stem from culture, for what is human society if not a tapestry woven by the threads of individual behaviors? Yet culture is a weak and fickle thing, and it may find itself…

    • 1571 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    El Salvador Culture

    • 994 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The Culture of El Salvador There are 195 countries currently in the entire world. With countless countries in the world, it also brings different backgrounds. Being raised in a part of the globe, much of their population can grow accustomed to their norms. The perspective on their way of life can be very odd or disquieting to other countries.…

    • 994 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Chris Rojeks chapter on 'Culture counts ' establishes that groups and individuals in society are placed in a way that subjects some of them to inequalities in relation to resources; whether it be economic, political, social or cultural resources (Rojek. C, 2007). Due to these inequalities Rojek goes on to explain that those who obtain power and dominance design culture in such a way that it protects and gives legit their state of rule and power over the masses, although this is never absolute due to unintended consequences. These consequences come in the form of subcultures formed by marginalized individuals and groups. Throughout this chapter the meaning of culture and what it means to society is discussed and also the notion that very little of life is private and thinking as an 'individual ' is not always the case.…

    • 1024 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The purpose of this essay is to determine the challenges that an employee of a company would face if they were to begin work in an entirely different country and culture from their own. Based on Geert Hofstede's five cultural dimensions, we can see what makes each country different, and how employees would have to adapt to working in a different country. First in the essay, Hofstede's theory will be discussed briefly. Next, two countries, Canada and China, will be compared in regards of the five cultural dimensions, and we can take a look at how employees and operations are run in each country, based on the dimensions. After by looking at the table data, we can see the comparisons of Canada and China about the cultural adaptations a Canadian…

    • 1134 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Some psychologists believe American research is often generalized with other cultures, but others believe basic research is vital to understanding all cultures. American Psychological research is not generalizable to other cultures due to the main focus on Americans and not on culture-wide research. It takes more than an understanding of the human process to understand the science of humans. It has been argued that the study of culture is insignificant in research because it does not have a scientific basis. However, many aspects of human development are impacted by their culture and way of life.…

    • 991 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There is a debate on culture uniformity, on one side, theory of convergence support uniformity by providing argument that because of the business around the world is relying more on the technology as it moves to industrialized era, culture would become more similar (Sparrow, Schuler, & Jackson, 1994). On the other side, there is a view about culture divergence means that uniformity is unlikely to take place as the characteristic of culture is unique and dynamic (Kelley & Reeser, 1973; Lincoln, Olson, & Hanada, 1978). However, Tan (2002) claims that both convergence and divergence are not adequate to analyze the relationship between culture and environment. 2. Theoretical reflection I would like to begin the discussion with the definition…

    • 1105 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The partition between men and women is portrayed as a clear division within American culture. There is a biological need to define sex in a distinct manner, but culturally gender has been separated similarly. Men are thought to be rough, violent, emotionally strong, and protecting. Women are thought to be petite, kind, emotional, and beautiful. When one strays from these set gender expectations the result can be catastrophic.…

    • 623 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    According to Hofstede, these five criteria explain the disparities between the nations and the individuals. He applied his theories to all the countries in the world. Hofstede extended his model of cultural differences and argued that the significant differences that exist between the values of some societies need to be carefully managed for international business activity (Hofstede, 1994). More cultural differences lower trust which lowers trade volumes between firms and therefore countries. Hofstede's dimensions of culture: Geert Hofstede's dimensions helps us to understand other cultures, so that we can be more effective when interacting with people.…

    • 2218 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Brilliant Essays

    Agency, Power, And Gender

    • 1593 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Todays, most countries gain gender equality and have an egalitarian society so; people have not discrimination from the gender agency and they have equal freedom within society. However, some countries have still gender discrimination in their agency and people still desire to equal gender agency and free of deficiency or infection. For that reason, the gender inequality creates the masculism and male have a top priority one in…

    • 1593 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Brilliant Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Using Geert Hofstede’s model, is useful when visiting new countries like Thailand, because it sets the basis for intercultural communications by allowing one to see the preferences or values of the country. This model not only indicates where each country falls on the scale but to what degree by using a quantified measurement. Continued knowledge and understanding of the country will make the professional or social visit more enjoyable. No models or information can give us 100% of the answers we need to be successful in that country but the more we know the better it will be for us.…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In January 2001, Hofstede was invited by Human Relations to make a response to criticisms provided by McSweeney. There are basically five standard criticisms of Hofstede’s approach (Hofstede, 2002). Firstly, Hofstede said that surveys should not be the only way of measuring culture differences. Next, Hofstede agreed that nations are not the only units for studying cultures. However, that is usually the best kind of units available to make comparison.…

    • 192 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Quite simply, these dimensions are a model of national and organizational preferences that exist within a culture. The first dimension that we will discuss is the concept of a cultures depiction as either a masculine or a feminine society. In the Michelin case we see American workers, from a masculine society, set…

    • 1026 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Culture in the international marketing has an important position. International marketing success and failure, the main reason is cultural (Ricks, 1993 cited in Hollenson, 2017). A large number of cases show that in many environmental factors, the culture is gradually becoming a core factor affecting international marketing. The main purpose of this essay is to illustrate the importance of culture in international business through some basic theories and related cases. The essay will be divided into two parts.…

    • 1625 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    China is one of the leading forces in our global market. It is more than likely at some point Americans will have to conduct business with the Chinese. It is important to understand the cultural differences, different values, and proper etiquette when conducting business in China as an American or it can result in a loss of a potential market that would have been beneficial to the American economy. According to Graham & Lam (2003) “The root cause: a failure on the American side to understand the much broader context of Chinese culture and values, a problem that too often leaves Western negotiators both flummoxed and flailing” (p. 71). This suggests that Americans can solve the main reason for loosing potential business partners in China by…

    • 1890 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays