Plate tectonics play a fundamental role in climate change around the globe. More than 200 million years ago, the continents were merged together as one giant landmass called Pangaea (Cosmato,2016). As the continents moved, their positions on Earth changed, and so did the movements of ocean currents. Both of these changes had effects on climate. Plate tectonics affect climate by different movements (vertical and lateral) both in which affect air circulation. Vertical movement of the surface affects circulation patterns of the air and ocean. While lateral (sideways) movements of plates determine the position of land masses and ocean basins; this directly controls ocean and air circulation (Sedlock,2016). These movements (surface uplift- vertical
