The immune system is a highly integrated, diverse task force the body recruited with the sole mission of protection against invading forces of infection, pathogens and mutant cells. The immune system is always surveilling for the enemy through its ranks of innate immune cells which lack memory and specificity including, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. These cells patrol and destroy anything suspicious whether they have seen it before or not and have the ability to alert higher up the ranks to the acquired immune cells. Which have specified actions and memory and comprise of B and T lymphocytes. The acquired immune system is the secret agents of immunity and takes longer gaining information about the pathogen to devise strategy
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It gains phagocytic abilities and produces more hydrolytic enzymes. These macrophages also referred to as ‘the big eaters’ identify, engulf and lyse foreign matter such as pathogens, dead cells and cellular debris into substances for excretion and reuse such as sugars and amino acids; they are also antigen-presenting cells (Huxley and Walter 2005; McKenzie and Klein 2000; Doseff et al. 2010; Goldsby et al. …show more content…
All cells have an identity tag, called ‘major histocompatibility complex’ (MHC), on their outer membrane in the form of a protein molecule, which the immune system uses to recognise ‘self’. Without MHC the immune system coordinates an attack as it does not recognise the cell as ‘self’. Antigen-presenting cells use this identification system, through the specific MHC class II proteins on their cell membrane, to alert and initiate an immune response from the acquired immune system (Huxley and Walter 2005). Once phagocytised, the macrophage presents the antigenic peptide to the T lymphocytes, by binding the peptides to the class II MHC molecules on their membrane surface. The T cells recognise the antigen and coordinate with the B cells to attack and produce antibodies (McKenzie and Klein 2000; Harding, Geuze
It gains phagocytic abilities and produces more hydrolytic enzymes. These macrophages also referred to as ‘the big eaters’ identify, engulf and lyse foreign matter such as pathogens, dead cells and cellular debris into substances for excretion and reuse such as sugars and amino acids; they are also antigen-presenting cells (Huxley and Walter 2005; McKenzie and Klein 2000; Doseff et al. 2010; Goldsby et al. …show more content…
All cells have an identity tag, called ‘major histocompatibility complex’ (MHC), on their outer membrane in the form of a protein molecule, which the immune system uses to recognise ‘self’. Without MHC the immune system coordinates an attack as it does not recognise the cell as ‘self’. Antigen-presenting cells use this identification system, through the specific MHC class II proteins on their cell membrane, to alert and initiate an immune response from the acquired immune system (Huxley and Walter 2005). Once phagocytised, the macrophage presents the antigenic peptide to the T lymphocytes, by binding the peptides to the class II MHC molecules on their membrane surface. The T cells recognise the antigen and coordinate with the B cells to attack and produce antibodies (McKenzie and Klein 2000; Harding, Geuze