a) Haemothorax: Usually happen due to trauma. Nonetheless it can be of a blood clotting defect, thoracic/heart surgery, death of lung tissue, lung cancer, tear in a blood vessel when placing a CVC central venous catheter or TB tuberculosis. Pathophysiology is the body has a blunt trauma then because of the internal injures the body starts to loose blood/plasma and it causes shock and the body begins to shut down and the breathing reduces, weakens and diminishes and HR/pulse drops. Clinical manifestations are blunt trauma, shallow resps, rapid pulse and low BP, chest pain and SOB (Chrisp & Taylor, 2011)
b) Pneumothorax: defined as the presence of air or gas in the pleural space or cavity, its clinical manifestations are no S&S until the pneumothorax
b) Pneumothorax: defined as the presence of air or gas in the pleural space or cavity, its clinical manifestations are no S&S until the pneumothorax