i. Chest x-rays can detect changes in the density of the lungs, more specifically the lower lobes (Christensen & Krockow, 2011, p.1641). Bronchoscopy is particularly useful in pneumonia when aspiration of a foreign objet or food is suspected. A culture and sensitivity test is used to determine the causative bacteria and to specify which antibiotic would be the best to be used. Pulse oximetry is used to monitor oxygenation status. ii. GERD is diagnosed mostly from signs sand symptoms. The gold standard for diagnosing GERD is the 24-hour pH monitoring which records “the number, duration, and severity of reflux episodes (Christensen & Krockow, 2011, p. 1423).” Endoscopy is used to view the effects of the reflux on the esophagus. iii. The patient
