ntroduction The development of the oyster aquaculture become limited as there is a presence of the pathogenic associated microbe that can cause disease which lead to physiological and imbalance in that oyster. There is a few reports that describe the bacterial diversity which is poorly know and required to be further study.(Hernández and Olmos,2006). So, it is important to analyze the bacteria of oyster. This study is carry out to analyze the gram positive bacteria diversity present oyster, Crassostrea iredalei by applying molecular technique like DNA extraction and using of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study permit us to identify what and how bacteria that become pathogenic to oyster. The starting point in identification of microorganism
…show more content…
Thus, this bacteria can be stored for a months. The DNA isolate is important in study the genetic cause of disease and for the development of diagnostic and drugs. It is also essential in forensic science, sequencing genomes,determine paternity and detecting of microbe in the environment.DNA from the isolate bacteria is used in PCR. PCR is a powerful amplification technique that generate many an ample supply of a specific segment at DNA or designed to amplify the 16S RNA gene. There is two specific PCR primer were designed to amplify gene in expected size of 1500bp of a consensus 16S rRNA: forward primer, 8f and reverse primer,U1492R. The process of PCR is done by the program of thermal cycle and repeat. Each DNA used in PCR is serve as a template. The PCR product then is analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Agarose gel electrophoresis is the common and easy way to analyze DNA where that DNA is visualized in the gel. There is a problem may be occur during PCR reaction and electrophoresis such as DNA product appear variable in non-specific on agarose gels. Sometimes no product form at all. (Lorenz,2012). Other is mutation occur during amplication that result in a heteregoneous population of PCR products. (Lorenz,2012). Double check PCR concentration by using analytical agarose gel. PCR …show more content…
(Tan et.al, 2014). That high production of the oyster and oyster culturist is actually based on pearl oyster compared to edible oyster in Peninsular Malaysia.(Tan et.al,2014). But it is observed that main oyster culture in Marudu, Sabah is Crassostrea iredalei (Department of Fisheries Malaysia,2012). Crassostrea iredalei known well because of it sweet flavor and white coloured flesh. Crassostrea iredalei or also known as slipper oyster and black scar oyster. It is called black scar oyster because it has a distinct black adductor muscle scar. Then, in Philippines it is known as Philippine cupped oyster due to it abundance in that country. In addition, there are three genera of oyster found in Malaysia which is Crassostrea, Saccostrea and Ostrea. Then, Crassostrea iredalei is the species in genus Crassostrea and most valued for culture. Besides that, Sabah also contribute the production of mussel, including Pena Virdis.(Department of Fisheries of Malaysia,2012). But the main mussel seed is at Melaka.(Kechik I. A. ,1995). Green mussels grow faster than oysters and compete with them for space, food and oxygen. Every oyster is considered as sentinel on an aquatic ecosystem because it is a filter feeder. Therefore, oyster can harbor many bacteria and viruses that harm itself also consumer. It is state that microbiota found by previous study
Thus, this bacteria can be stored for a months. The DNA isolate is important in study the genetic cause of disease and for the development of diagnostic and drugs. It is also essential in forensic science, sequencing genomes,determine paternity and detecting of microbe in the environment.DNA from the isolate bacteria is used in PCR. PCR is a powerful amplification technique that generate many an ample supply of a specific segment at DNA or designed to amplify the 16S RNA gene. There is two specific PCR primer were designed to amplify gene in expected size of 1500bp of a consensus 16S rRNA: forward primer, 8f and reverse primer,U1492R. The process of PCR is done by the program of thermal cycle and repeat. Each DNA used in PCR is serve as a template. The PCR product then is analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Agarose gel electrophoresis is the common and easy way to analyze DNA where that DNA is visualized in the gel. There is a problem may be occur during PCR reaction and electrophoresis such as DNA product appear variable in non-specific on agarose gels. Sometimes no product form at all. (Lorenz,2012). Other is mutation occur during amplication that result in a heteregoneous population of PCR products. (Lorenz,2012). Double check PCR concentration by using analytical agarose gel. PCR …show more content…
(Tan et.al, 2014). That high production of the oyster and oyster culturist is actually based on pearl oyster compared to edible oyster in Peninsular Malaysia.(Tan et.al,2014). But it is observed that main oyster culture in Marudu, Sabah is Crassostrea iredalei (Department of Fisheries Malaysia,2012). Crassostrea iredalei known well because of it sweet flavor and white coloured flesh. Crassostrea iredalei or also known as slipper oyster and black scar oyster. It is called black scar oyster because it has a distinct black adductor muscle scar. Then, in Philippines it is known as Philippine cupped oyster due to it abundance in that country. In addition, there are three genera of oyster found in Malaysia which is Crassostrea, Saccostrea and Ostrea. Then, Crassostrea iredalei is the species in genus Crassostrea and most valued for culture. Besides that, Sabah also contribute the production of mussel, including Pena Virdis.(Department of Fisheries of Malaysia,2012). But the main mussel seed is at Melaka.(Kechik I. A. ,1995). Green mussels grow faster than oysters and compete with them for space, food and oxygen. Every oyster is considered as sentinel on an aquatic ecosystem because it is a filter feeder. Therefore, oyster can harbor many bacteria and viruses that harm itself also consumer. It is state that microbiota found by previous study