Nursing Ethical Dilemmas

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Introduction
Understanding Ethical dilemma is defining the respective components of ethics and dilemma. Ethics is defined as, “the code of conduct or behavior governing an individual or a group (as member of the profession). It is also defined as a complex of ideas, beliefs or standard that characterizes or pervades a group, community or people” (Merriam Webster Thesaurus). Relatively, dilemma is defined as, “a difficult problem seemingly incapable of satisfactory solution or situation involving unsatisfactory alternatives” (Aroskar M.A., Davis A, Drought T., Liaschenko, J., 2009).
Integrating both the definition and knowledge of ‘ethics’ and ‘dilemma’, it can be learned that ‘ethical dilemmas’ are situations involving conflicting moral claims,
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Synonymous to truthful assessment and conveying the actual diagnosis and/or prognosis means delivering a bad news, like confirming the seriousness of cancer or level of metastasis, relapse of chronic disease, or the in-effectiveness of treatment undergone. This is the primal reason why a significant number of healthcare providers like doctors or nurses encounter substantial difficulties in conveying the actuality of current clinical scenario, which lead to nurses or doctors psychological distress, bringing negative impacts on own emotional well-being and professional satisfaction (Panagopoulou, Mintziori, Montgomery, Kapoukranidou, & Benos, 2008; Hulsman et al., 2010; Tang, Fang, Chun-Kai Fang, & Fujimori, …show more content…
The bioethical principles of patient’s ‘autonomy’ is been a primal ethical consideration in modern medicine. Respectively, all patients have an equivocal right to be fully informed of their medical condition, a principle that was based in the ‘individual’s right of freedom to make decisions on its behalf without undue manipulation by others’ (Gold, 2004).
Numerous declaration have defined patient’s autonomy, according to the International Code of Medical Ethics declared that, ‘a medical provider shall act in the patient’s best interest when providing needed and necessary medical care with respect to their personal right to accept or refuse treatment while related information should be conveyed to one’s consequences of its decisions’. Associated with patient’s autonomy, a legal and ethical binding document is created through the concept of informed consent and advance directive. However, in the United States, the only exception for informed consent is in emergency situations, where patient cannot provide consent or advance directives and delay in treatment would result in death (Schwartz, Preece, & Hendry,

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