a. Seizure
b. Dementia in adults, mental retardation in children
c. Anxiety, depression
d. Extrapyramidal symptoms (Parkinsonism)
e. Calcifications of basal ganglia in prolong disease
f. Papilledema
2. Increased neuromuscular irritability
a. Chvostek’s sign (twitching of the perioral, nasal, and eye muscles when cranial nerve VII at the ear is tapped).
b. Trousseau’s sign (carpal spasm caused by ischemia, such as inflating the BP cuff or alkalosis during hyperventilation)
c. Paresthesia in the circulatory and fingers, toes
d. Muscle stiffness, myalgia, and spasms
3. Cardiovascular symptoms
a. Prolongation of QT interval
b. Congestive heart failure
c. Hypotension
4. Autonomic symptoms
a. Biliary colic
b. Bronchospasm