Neologisms in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter Cycle and their Polish Equivalents: a Contrastive Study
1. DEFINING TRANSLATION
1.1 Definitions of translation
New things, processes, ideas are constantly and continually created in this world; from the field of technology, education, medical, laws, etc. Thus, it is produced new terms, which enrich the language. Newmark in “A textbook of translation, 1988: 140” stated that each language acquires about 3000 new words every. These new acquires words are known as neologisms.
Neologisms can be defined as “a new word or expression, or new meaning for an existing word” (Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2008). Moreover, Newmark (1988: 140) described neologisms as “a newly coined lexical units or …show more content…
According to the above sentence translation process should satisfy two conditions first of all have to included source text and target text, secondly should included transmission between two languages. Although even simply definition – like this- becomes difficult when we will study it attentively. Maria Tymoczko in “Enlarging Translation, Empowering Translators” wrote that because of concepts, language and text , definition of translation is not clearly. Quoting Maria Tymoczko “ What is meant by “a language” ? Are all communicative systems to be counted as language? If so. Is the dancing of bees that communicates the location of flowers a language? Do animal in general have language ? Should the songs of chickadees be counted as a language insofar as thay indicate the type, distance, and number of potential predators? (…) How do language relate to semiotic system in general, including codes and other systems of signs? Is music a form of language? (…) Even assuming one could satisfactorily narrow the definition of language to conscious oral communicative system of human beings, many question remain. How are the boundaries between languages to be drawn? What is the difference between a language and a dialect? Should Vulgar Latin, Old French and Modern French be recognized as three languages or as one? If they are the language, then how Italian, Spanish and Portuguese make claims to being independent languages? If they are different languages, should Chinese be viewed as constituting a single language during the past two thousand years? (Tymoczko,
1. DEFINING TRANSLATION
1.1 Definitions of translation
New things, processes, ideas are constantly and continually created in this world; from the field of technology, education, medical, laws, etc. Thus, it is produced new terms, which enrich the language. Newmark in “A textbook of translation, 1988: 140” stated that each language acquires about 3000 new words every. These new acquires words are known as neologisms.
Neologisms can be defined as “a new word or expression, or new meaning for an existing word” (Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2008). Moreover, Newmark (1988: 140) described neologisms as “a newly coined lexical units or …show more content…
According to the above sentence translation process should satisfy two conditions first of all have to included source text and target text, secondly should included transmission between two languages. Although even simply definition – like this- becomes difficult when we will study it attentively. Maria Tymoczko in “Enlarging Translation, Empowering Translators” wrote that because of concepts, language and text , definition of translation is not clearly. Quoting Maria Tymoczko “ What is meant by “a language” ? Are all communicative systems to be counted as language? If so. Is the dancing of bees that communicates the location of flowers a language? Do animal in general have language ? Should the songs of chickadees be counted as a language insofar as thay indicate the type, distance, and number of potential predators? (…) How do language relate to semiotic system in general, including codes and other systems of signs? Is music a form of language? (…) Even assuming one could satisfactorily narrow the definition of language to conscious oral communicative system of human beings, many question remain. How are the boundaries between languages to be drawn? What is the difference between a language and a dialect? Should Vulgar Latin, Old French and Modern French be recognized as three languages or as one? If they are the language, then how Italian, Spanish and Portuguese make claims to being independent languages? If they are different languages, should Chinese be viewed as constituting a single language during the past two thousand years? (Tymoczko,