documented in patients with blunt trauma.[] [] Indeed, with the electrocardiogram and CK-MB as screening tests, the detection of myocardial contusion has increased from the detection of myocardial contusion has increased from 7 to 17 percent in patients with blunt chest trauma. However, false-positive elevations of the CK-MB isoenzyme can also be seen if the total CK is greater than 20,000 unites; this can occur after massive body injury.[][]
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Categorization of traumatic heart disease is based on mechanism of injury (i.e., penetrating, nonpenetrating [blunt], iatrogenic, metabolic, and other) (Table ) .
PENETRATING CARDIAC TRAUMA
Penetrating trauma is the most common cause of significant cardiac injury seen in the hospital setting, with the predominant injury being from guns and knives.
Penetrating cardiac trauma is secondary to stab wounds in 35 to 96 percent of patients …show more content…
[][] It can be cause by direct injury to the heart or compression of the heart between the sternum and vertebral column, even including “cardiac contusion” and cardiac rupture during external cardiac massage during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Within this spectrum, blunt cardiac injuries may present as free septal rupture, free wall rupture, coronary artery thrombosis, cardiac failure, complex arrhythmia, simple arrhythmia, and/or rupture of chordae tendineae or papillary muscles.[][] The incidence may be as high as three fourths of the patients with severe bodily trauma. Etiologies include motor vehicle accidents, vehicular-pedestrian accidents, falls, crush injuries, blasts, assaults, CPR, and recreational events. Such injury is often associated with sternal or rib fractures. In one report a fatal cardiac dysrhythmia occurred when the sternum was struck by a baseball, [][] which may be a form of commotio
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Categorization of traumatic heart disease is based on mechanism of injury (i.e., penetrating, nonpenetrating [blunt], iatrogenic, metabolic, and other) (Table ) .
PENETRATING CARDIAC TRAUMA
Penetrating trauma is the most common cause of significant cardiac injury seen in the hospital setting, with the predominant injury being from guns and knives.
Penetrating cardiac trauma is secondary to stab wounds in 35 to 96 percent of patients …show more content…
[][] It can be cause by direct injury to the heart or compression of the heart between the sternum and vertebral column, even including “cardiac contusion” and cardiac rupture during external cardiac massage during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Within this spectrum, blunt cardiac injuries may present as free septal rupture, free wall rupture, coronary artery thrombosis, cardiac failure, complex arrhythmia, simple arrhythmia, and/or rupture of chordae tendineae or papillary muscles.[][] The incidence may be as high as three fourths of the patients with severe bodily trauma. Etiologies include motor vehicle accidents, vehicular-pedestrian accidents, falls, crush injuries, blasts, assaults, CPR, and recreational events. Such injury is often associated with sternal or rib fractures. In one report a fatal cardiac dysrhythmia occurred when the sternum was struck by a baseball, [][] which may be a form of commotio