Sung Noh
12/11/2014
BSCI 330
Hypermethylation in patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndrome is disease of the bone marrow in which its ability to produce viable blood cells has been compromised through mutation. In healthy bone marrow the Osteocytes that live within produce hematopoietic stem cells that mature to become different components of blood: erythrocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and platelets (Saba et. al, 2007). Osteocytes that have undergone mutations produce a different kind of stem cell. Only a small fraction of these stem cells are able to mature into functioning Erythrocytes, Neutrophils and Platelets (Jiang et. al, 2009).
The deficiencies in Erythrocytes make the patient very tired and susceptible to Anemias. The patient may also complain of shortness of breath due to the decreased count in white blood cells. The deficiencies in Neutrophils and Lymphocytes cause the patient to become vulnerable to bacterial and viral infection while the low platelet count means that the patient will have trouble clotting wounds on their own.
Healthy bone marrow produces: Red blood cells that carry oxygen and CO2 around the body, three types of white blood cells that destroys foreign invaders and Platelets, …show more content…
al, 2009) (Esteller et. al, 2007). The areas that become affected by the hypermethylation may code for a many different things but sometimes, oncogenesis arises from the blockage of a tumor suppressor gene. Examples of tumor suppressor genes include p15 and p53 (McGarty, 2013). The promoter regions of the genes, when blocked by a series of methyl groups at the CpG groups, will fail to code for that particular gene. The exact cause of why the DNA methyltransferase doesn’t methylate properly is unknown (Esteller et. al,
12/11/2014
BSCI 330
Hypermethylation in patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndrome is disease of the bone marrow in which its ability to produce viable blood cells has been compromised through mutation. In healthy bone marrow the Osteocytes that live within produce hematopoietic stem cells that mature to become different components of blood: erythrocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and platelets (Saba et. al, 2007). Osteocytes that have undergone mutations produce a different kind of stem cell. Only a small fraction of these stem cells are able to mature into functioning Erythrocytes, Neutrophils and Platelets (Jiang et. al, 2009).
The deficiencies in Erythrocytes make the patient very tired and susceptible to Anemias. The patient may also complain of shortness of breath due to the decreased count in white blood cells. The deficiencies in Neutrophils and Lymphocytes cause the patient to become vulnerable to bacterial and viral infection while the low platelet count means that the patient will have trouble clotting wounds on their own.
Healthy bone marrow produces: Red blood cells that carry oxygen and CO2 around the body, three types of white blood cells that destroys foreign invaders and Platelets, …show more content…
al, 2009) (Esteller et. al, 2007). The areas that become affected by the hypermethylation may code for a many different things but sometimes, oncogenesis arises from the blockage of a tumor suppressor gene. Examples of tumor suppressor genes include p15 and p53 (McGarty, 2013). The promoter regions of the genes, when blocked by a series of methyl groups at the CpG groups, will fail to code for that particular gene. The exact cause of why the DNA methyltransferase doesn’t methylate properly is unknown (Esteller et. al,