Mute Swan Research Paper

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Mute swans are large white birds with a orange colored bill and a black tipped nose. These birds measure up to 144-158 centimeters with a wingspan of 2-2.5 meters. Males and females differ in size; the male is larger than a female (Ivory). These types of swans are the most common type of swans in the wild. On occasion, their head or neck can be stained brown from mud or the water that they're in because of iron (Ivory). Their feet are a pinkish color with grey legs. A mute swans diet consists of aquatic plants such as leaves and stems (“Cygnus Olor.”), as well as frogs and fish ( “Mute Swan.”). This feeding occurs in deep waters where the mute swan puts their head and neck underwater to search for their food. Sometimes, this action isn't needed …show more content…
During this time period, the species were introduced in local estates and zoos. During an accidental release occurrence, populations of the mute swan occurred in the Atlantic and Pacific Coast of the U.S. (“Cygnus Olor.”). Populations of mute swans erupted in Maryland during 1962. An increase in the population occurred drastically from 264 to 3,955 in Maryland during 1986-1999 (Allen and Strain).

Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR)- “Swan free” areas created for species being removed from dangerous habitats (Allen and Strain).
Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP)- reducing numbers of mute swans to better the surrounding habitats. This caused a decrease of 4,000 mute swans in Maryland (Allen and Strain).
In Britain, mute swans are used as food to prevent extinction. Also, feathers are used as quills for writing, and leather for making purses (Ivory).
Removing eggs from the ecosystem to decrease the amount of mute swans present and decreasing overgrazing(“Cygnus Olor.”).
The Michigan Spring Breeding Waterfowl Survey is conducted each year in April through May to report the amount of mute swans living in Michigan to compare the amount of mute swans still living and to decrease this organisms population (“Mute Swans - Invading Michigan's
…show more content…
can manage the population of mute swans. In Maryland, because of their efforts, the population of mute swans is less than 100 birds (Allen and Strain). However, more impacts needs to be done across the nation to prevent the spread of mute swans. Since these organisms cause much harm to their habitat and can potentially hurt humans, we need to prevent these events. Due to the techniques of managing the mute swan, we can try to decrease their population impacts to conserve and protect others from the dangers of the mute swan.

Attacking adult geese, birds, and humans (“Cygnus Olor.”).
Overgrazing acts causing a decrease in plant species(“Cygnus Olor.”).
Competition for food among other species (“Cygnus Olor.”).
Driving off waterflow for nesting (“Cygnus Olor.”).
Destroying other birds nests (“Nonnatives - Mute Swan.”).
Eliminating plant organisms from wetlands in Britain (“Cygnus Olor.”).

Nests are vulnerable to other organisms like racoons and minks to remove their eggs from the nest. Adult mute swans protect their nests from other predators by staying close to their eggs (Ivory).
Because of their aggressive behaviors upon other species, mute swans don’t have much predators. However, foxes can sometimes attack them (“Mute Swan.”

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