Multiple Sclerosis Case Study: The Spinal Nervous System

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1. The peripheral nervous system, which is divided into the sensory and motor divisions, is involved in physical sensation. Sensory impulses move though the body by being stimulated by a receptor in the skin. It then travels to the sensory neurons and through the afferent fibers, were it will end up at the spinal cord as well as the brain.
2. The motor division of the nervous system are involved in skeletal muscle movement. Motor impulses move through efferent fibers. A motor unit is a motor neuron and all the connecting muscle fibers.
3. Muscle contraction is involved when standing up. The gluteus maximus, hamstrings, and quadriceps muscle groups need to contract in order to perform this action.
4. The different levels of organization of
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Myelin is a layer of protein and fatty acid that surround nerves and allows them to travel faster. Glial cells are responsible for the formation of myelin.
8. Scleroses is the thickening or hardening of body tissues, and in this case, specifically the brain/spinal cord. This effects nerve transmission because the brain will become unable to send or receive messages.
9. MRI’s help confirm the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis by detecting damaged areas of the brain. Spinal taps help confirm the diagnosis by analyzing the CSF to see if there are any discrepancies from normal CSF.
10. Steroids helped alleviate Kathy’s symptoms because they reduced the inflammation in and around her brain and spinal cord.
11. Copaxone is a steroid that helps to protect the myelin in the nervous system. It doesn’t cure MS, but it reduces the relapses that MS causes (“Copaxone”).
12. Kathy would experience altered sensations in her lower body because the nerves were not functioning properly. No, there was nothing wrong with her skin. The myelin sheaths were reduced which caused the weakness in her right leg.
13. It is possible that her hearing loss had something to do with MS, but it is an uncommon symptom of the disease. Only about 6% of MS patients suffer hearing loss (“Hearing

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