1) The Supreme Court case, Miranda v. Arizona (1966), established a set of procedures required for law enforcement to follow when notifying a suspect of their rights before entering custody or undergoing custodial interrogation (Rennison, C. M., & Dodge M. (2016). Introduction to Criminal Justice: Systems, Diversity and Change [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from https://webcourses.ucf.edu/courses/1219517/files?preview=58654921). The Miranda Warning is as follows: “You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you. Do you understand the rights I have just read to you? With these rights
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Otherwise, Miranda doesn’t apply and they’re not required to be read” (Baorne, 2016); therefore it is not required to give the Miranda warning as soon as an individual is placed under arrest (Barone, 2016). The reading of these rights came about through the Miranda v. Arizona case in which the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) concentrated on four separate cases concerning custodial interrogations: Miranda v. Arizona, Vignera v. New York, Westover v. United States, and California v. Stewart (Facts and Case Summary - Miranda v. Arizona, 2016). The Miranda v. Arizona case involved a defendant, Ernesto Miranda, who was arrested and then interrogated for two hours until he confessed to abducting and sexually assaulting a woman (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). His testimony was recorded by the Phoenix police and the self-incriminating evidence was presented at trial leading to his conviction (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). However, Miranda’s defense appealed the conviction on grounds that Miranda was never informed of his constitutional rights before being interrogated (Rennison & Dodge, …show more content…
The T-Ray is a machine that can detect terahertz radiation, a “high-frequency electromagnetic natural energy emitted by the human body” (Rennison & Dodge, 2016, p. 157). Since the terahertz radiation can penetrate nearly all materials and objects, except metal, the T-Ray is able to detect these waves of radiation and is able to compute an image based off of the scan (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). Since the device can detect the radiation, “‘if something is obstructing the flow of that radiation, for example a weapon, the device will highlight that object,’ said [NYPD] Commissioner Raymond Kelly” (El-Ghobashy, 2013). To demonstrate the machines’ potential, “the T-Ray scanner highlighted the body of a plainclothes officer in neon green—with a gun clearly visible as a black shape. The image was captured with the officer standing about 30 feet away” (El-Ghobashy, 2013). In my opinion, this would be an excellent resource for the NYPD to use in gun-violence hotspots and other problematic areas because the machine is able to be mounted to a vehicle and is capable of identifying potential threats without endangering the life of the officer, to a degree, and may be used as an alternative or to justify a stop-and-frisk (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). However, though a useful tool, the practicality and legality of this
Otherwise, Miranda doesn’t apply and they’re not required to be read” (Baorne, 2016); therefore it is not required to give the Miranda warning as soon as an individual is placed under arrest (Barone, 2016). The reading of these rights came about through the Miranda v. Arizona case in which the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) concentrated on four separate cases concerning custodial interrogations: Miranda v. Arizona, Vignera v. New York, Westover v. United States, and California v. Stewart (Facts and Case Summary - Miranda v. Arizona, 2016). The Miranda v. Arizona case involved a defendant, Ernesto Miranda, who was arrested and then interrogated for two hours until he confessed to abducting and sexually assaulting a woman (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). His testimony was recorded by the Phoenix police and the self-incriminating evidence was presented at trial leading to his conviction (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). However, Miranda’s defense appealed the conviction on grounds that Miranda was never informed of his constitutional rights before being interrogated (Rennison & Dodge, …show more content…
The T-Ray is a machine that can detect terahertz radiation, a “high-frequency electromagnetic natural energy emitted by the human body” (Rennison & Dodge, 2016, p. 157). Since the terahertz radiation can penetrate nearly all materials and objects, except metal, the T-Ray is able to detect these waves of radiation and is able to compute an image based off of the scan (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). Since the device can detect the radiation, “‘if something is obstructing the flow of that radiation, for example a weapon, the device will highlight that object,’ said [NYPD] Commissioner Raymond Kelly” (El-Ghobashy, 2013). To demonstrate the machines’ potential, “the T-Ray scanner highlighted the body of a plainclothes officer in neon green—with a gun clearly visible as a black shape. The image was captured with the officer standing about 30 feet away” (El-Ghobashy, 2013). In my opinion, this would be an excellent resource for the NYPD to use in gun-violence hotspots and other problematic areas because the machine is able to be mounted to a vehicle and is capable of identifying potential threats without endangering the life of the officer, to a degree, and may be used as an alternative or to justify a stop-and-frisk (Rennison & Dodge, 2016). However, though a useful tool, the practicality and legality of this