Nursing theories are applied to nursing research to help guide the researchers and in ensure accuracy, relevance, and effectiveness of the clinical inquiry and clinical interventions. Application of a theory to a clinical research problem is important; Peterson & Bredow (2017) state, “Theories are designed to describe, explain, predict and/or control” the profession of nursing and aim in influence the discipline of nursing. Middle range nursing theories are often utilized as they are less abstract than grand theories, they are more specific to a certain phenomenon, are more representative of a partial view of nursing reality, and are more appropriate for empirical testing (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). This section examined the theory of Unpleasant
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Application of this theory to a particular disease is often when a health condition have symptoms that are multiplicative and when the symptoms have a precipitating factor that are environmental, physiological, and/or psychological (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The environment or situation factors include an individual's social or physical environment, such as social support, occupation, or cultural background, which may influence the patient’s symptom experience. The physiological factors, which may influence someone’s symptom perception, include age, perception of diagnosis or illness, and stage of life. The psychological factors that may influence how an individual experiences symptoms includes emotional state, mood, degree of perceived uncertainty regarding the illness or disease, and personal perceived level of self-efficacy (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The degree someone experiences a symptom or symptoms is thought to influence their cognitive and functional performance. Conversely, cognitive and functional performance are also thought to influence an individual’s perception of symptoms or a symptom (Peterson & Bredow, …show more content…
The TOUS has also been utilized to assess symptomatology in patients who are obese or critically ill (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The TOUS has been utilized in many other areas of health care with varying results. It has been utilized to assess intimate partner violence (IPV) and sleep quality, cognitive impairment secondary to chemotherapy, irritable bowel disease (IBD) and the burden of symptoms, postoperative tonsillectomy, postpartum fatigue, physiological and psychological factors of cancer’s impact on quality of life (QoL), and to assess unpleasant symptoms secondary to pain in everyday practice (EBSCOhost, 2017). The overwhelming majority of TOUS clinical applications is for patients diagnosed with cancer and the associated symptoms of the specific types of
Application of this theory to a particular disease is often when a health condition have symptoms that are multiplicative and when the symptoms have a precipitating factor that are environmental, physiological, and/or psychological (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The environment or situation factors include an individual's social or physical environment, such as social support, occupation, or cultural background, which may influence the patient’s symptom experience. The physiological factors, which may influence someone’s symptom perception, include age, perception of diagnosis or illness, and stage of life. The psychological factors that may influence how an individual experiences symptoms includes emotional state, mood, degree of perceived uncertainty regarding the illness or disease, and personal perceived level of self-efficacy (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The degree someone experiences a symptom or symptoms is thought to influence their cognitive and functional performance. Conversely, cognitive and functional performance are also thought to influence an individual’s perception of symptoms or a symptom (Peterson & Bredow, …show more content…
The TOUS has also been utilized to assess symptomatology in patients who are obese or critically ill (Peterson & Bredow, 2017). The TOUS has been utilized in many other areas of health care with varying results. It has been utilized to assess intimate partner violence (IPV) and sleep quality, cognitive impairment secondary to chemotherapy, irritable bowel disease (IBD) and the burden of symptoms, postoperative tonsillectomy, postpartum fatigue, physiological and psychological factors of cancer’s impact on quality of life (QoL), and to assess unpleasant symptoms secondary to pain in everyday practice (EBSCOhost, 2017). The overwhelming majority of TOUS clinical applications is for patients diagnosed with cancer and the associated symptoms of the specific types of