Marbury v. Madison was the first case in which judicial review came up. Judicial review is when in a case the Supreme Court deems a law unconstitutional. William Marbury had been appointed Justice of the Peace in the District of Columbia by President John Adams but at the end of John Adams term his Secretary of State failed to hand over documents to commission Marbury to his appointed seat. The case started with a petition that Marbury wrote to The Supreme Court to try and force James Madison, the new Secretary of State, to hand over the documents. Marbury would have won this case if it were not for judicial review in which they found that the Judiciary Act of 1789, which allowed Marbury to take his claim to The Supreme Court in the first place,
