Leukemia Diagnostic Assessment

Leukemia does not show obvious symptoms early on, however it shows certain unusual symptoms which need further diagnoses. Leukemia detection test involves many diagnostic methods such as blood test, bone marrow test, cytogenetic analysis, immunophenotyping, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunoglobulin test, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and G-banding karyotyping. The evaluation of these this diagnostic test takes place in the laboratory to determine the treatment plan for the patient. Most of these diagnostic tests are also in use throughout the treatment to evaluate the improvement of the patients. The first diagnostic analysis that is in use to identify if a patient has leukemia is the blood test. Blood test is done by using the laboratory analysis by counting the number of red blood cells and white blood cells and having an imbalance in the blood cell numbers suggest a further diagnosis to understand the stages of leukemia. For chronic myelomonocytic leukemias if white blood cell count is less than 13,000/uL then it is called dysplastic subtype and if it is more than 13000/uL then it is called proliferative type1.
Bone marrow is another test that is in use to identify leukemia in patients. Through diagnosis of …show more content…
FISH is a test that emits the wavelengths of different color of light rays using fluorescent molecules to study the chromosomes. FISH can be used analyze the various stages of leukemia. Rearrangements of MYC, TCF3 (E2At), MLL and IGH, deletion of CDKN2A (P16), fusion of ETV6-RUNX1 and BCR_ABLI, and hyperdiploidy can be determined using the FISH test7. In Fish test, 83 percent of the interphase cells show rearrangement for a positive stain for the gene BCR_ABLI p20 which means myeloid blasts of leukemia cells4. The FISH test is a special technique which further confirms the stages of leukemia analyzed in cytogenetic