“This species was also the original source from which LSD was first isolated.” (“Ergot of Rye – I: Introduction and History”). The Rhine Valley was the first know outbreak of gangrenous ergotism, it was called the “Holy Fire” because of the burning sensation felt in the extremities of those affected (“Ergot of Rye – I: Introduction and History”). “The victims’ toes, fingers, arms and legs often became blackened as a result of gangrene, and would eventually die from the infection in these extremities.” (“Ergot of Rye – I: Introduction and History”).…
LSD was first made by Albert Hoffman, a Swiss scientist, in 1938. LSD (short form) actually comes from its early name LSD-25 which is an abbreviation for the German "Lysergsaure-diethylamid" followed by a sequential number. Hoffman was not only the first to make LSD, he was also the firwst to ingest and learn the psychedelic effects of this drug. Hoffman died April 29, 2008, at the age of 102. LSD is a semi-synthetic drug, this means that it occurs both in nature and is part man-made.…
The MK-Ultra conspiracy can be proven because we have discovered documents recording gruesome experiments, people have come forward with their struggles through MK-Ultra, and other projects have branched out in addition to this. For 20 years from 1953 to 1973, the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), funded and conducted tests on human subjects, both with and without their knowledge, in an effort to control minds and personalities for espionage. One such project was called MK-Ultra. After WWII, the Cold War soon began to take action. Opposing countries soon became suspicious of each other and began the use of spies. Not only did they have a desire for a spy but they had additional ideas.…
Psychedelics like LSD and (lysergic acid diethylamide) psilocybin are more known as a party drug than as forms of therapeutic medication. But their likeness to…
Food is no longer trending on Instagram. The popular Social Media site is now full of weird art. While the Era of LSD is our past, the psychedelic art is still here. And now it's all over the Internet. Cry Out of Greens Black and White and Green.…
Question 1 Laissez-faire is a French word which means to leave alone or to allow to do. During the 19th-century Americas attitude towards the use of drugs was described as laissez-faire. The word laissez-faire was used because, at the time, the regulations and control of drugs were minimal. Therefore, there was an unrestricted sale, distribution and promotion of narcotics in the U.S which led to the extensive and uncontrolled use of medicinal and recreational drugs during that century. The U.S became a ‘dope fiend’s paradise’ because a quarter of its population had developed a dependency on either opium or morphine.…
Three classes of hallucinogens relate to “hallucination-producing” drugs, particular neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Describe these three categories and include one example of a hallucinogenic drug in each. (20 points) The three classes of hallucinogens are Psychedelics, Dissociatives and Deliriants. Cannabis (marijuana) which falls under Psychedelics has a compound called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which affects the endocannabinoid (EC) system.…
Methamphetamine and its Effects on the Body and Brain Methamphetamine (n-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-amine) has a molecular weight of 149.237 g/mol and is an addictive man-made stimulant affecting the central nervous system (Methamphetamines: An Overview, n.d.). There are two different types of methamphetamine: l-meth (Levo-methamphetamine), and d-meth (Dextro-methamphetamine), which is the more common form. It is 2 to 10 times as physiologically active as l-meth (Crystal Meth Facts, n.d.). Methamphetamine comes in pill, powder, clear liquid, and rock form. Crystal meth can be smoked in glass pipes (similar to crack cocaine), but it can also be snorted, swallowed, or injected depending on its form.…
AHHHH CHOO-DOEPHEDRINE Although, originally defined as the chemistry of biological structures, organic chemistry has since been redefined to refer specifically to organic (carbon based) molecules. The hydrocarbon is the very basic molecule of organic chemistry and by adding functional groups to the hydrocarbon we can manipulate the properties of the molecule. Through the manipulation of these organic compounds, organic chemistry can be used to chemically synthesise many products such as soaps, detergents, drugs, plastics and polymers. Through the process of synthesis the individual molecule can be altered numerous times to ‘iron out’ any issues found in the product to optimise its functionality. The redesign of drugs can alter the way the human body reacts to the drug possibly removing the negative side effects as well as…
According to Webster Dictionary, ecstasy is defined as “an illegal drug that is used to produce a feeling of excitement and pleasure” Ecstasy. (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2016, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ecstasy. As with all drugs, ecstasy was produced to treat one symptom and evolved to affect another part of the brain. This research will address: what is ecstasy, how does ecstasy work, the short and long-term effects from using ecstasy, users of the drug, and prevention and support. Although ecstasy was introduced as a legal drug to address an ailment, its long term effects caused it to not be an efficient drug for consumption and an illegal drug.…
PHAR2220 – Human Pharmacology Riches to Rags - A Cinematic Insight into the Downfall of Valium What determines the success of a drug? The answer may seem obvious – if the drug works then it will be successful. It seems like a logical conclusion to make, and indeed this does play a key role in determining how popular a drug will be. But why are there some drugs, like diazepam, that still produce their intended effects but are no longer as successful in the marketplace?…
Origin of LSD and Psilocybin: Home Sweet Home Both these psychological drugs do not come in handy packages, all gift-wrapped and perfectly ready for the user to high on. Whether it is psilocybin being nicknamed “magic mushroom” or LSD in its natural pure state, it is not the organism itself, but a component that is found inside it and constantly produced as a “weapon” to fend off any predators, mainly herbivores and omnivores (obviously), those that do try to eat it. For psilocybin, they can be found in the genus Agaricales which include numerous species, listed in following along with the number of organisms per species: genera Psilocybe (117 species), Gymnopilus (13 species), Panaeolus (7 species), Copelandia (12 species), Hypholoma (6…
Introduction Drugs have become commonplace in society. The clear majority of human beings take, or at one time have taken, vitamins, aspirin, cold, or allergy relief medication. These drugs, however, rarely produce an altered state and are not considered psychoactive. Drugs, in general, can have different effects on behavior and physical traits, whether they be stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens (Narie, 2014, p. 191). Psychoactive drugs are substances that change our states of consciousness, where brain function occurs, which results in temporary changes in perception, mood, and behavior.…
This is a highly dangerous substance that will cause the mind to see things that aren’t actually there, a “trip” This is what drives people to use the drug. It is the simplest drug to take because it is just a small tablet. During the trip LSD can cause pupil dilation, reduced appetite, and wakefulness. Other physical reactions to LSD are highly variable and nonspecific, some of which may be secondary to the psychological effects of LSD.…
LSD had been made illegal in the US and UK in 1966. At the end of…