2. Nicotine and hCG concentrations will be measured via a urine test.
3. Weight and height will be measured to assess BMI.
4. Subjects will undergo a physical examination that will include checking vital signs, heart rate, ease of breathing, tonsils, ears, sinuses, joints, skin, reflex, balance, mental state, reproductive organs, abdominal size and assess the general medical well-being of the subject. This is necessary to ensure that the subject is healthy enough to participate.
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Subjects will undergo a blood test to assess levels of sugar, cholesterol, blood cells, white cells, bleeding time and platelets. This assesses the subject is healthy enough to participate in this study for example if their sugar levels are high then the subject may be pre-diabetic and unsuitable for this study. Also, the platelet count is important to measure due to its involvement in the coagulation cascade1.
6. Subjects will undergo ECG, echocardiogram, stress tests and an ultrasound scan to assess cardiovascular health.
7. Personal and family medical history will be