Informative Speech Outline
Adel Zakharia
Topic: Conditioning in Psychology
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about a scientific phenomenon which may bring the world fascinating medical opportunities. By the end of my speech, my audience will be able to fully grasp the idea of conditioning, how it works, and the promises it holds in the medical field.
Thesis: While we may not be aware of it, our behaviors are constantly being affected and altered by conditioning. Conditioning is not just a scientific phenomenon that was discovered in the lab; instead, it is the underlying cause of most of our behaviors and responses.
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter: What if I told you that you could outsmart your immune …show more content…
I have also taken a psychology course that dealt with the topic I’m about to discuss and I’ve read a lot about it.
E. Preview of main points:
1. First, I will discuss classical conditioning and go through the experiments done and some examples.
2. Second, I will explain operant conditioning, discuss experiments conducted by experts and clarify using real life examples.
3. Finally, and the main reason I chose this topic, is to explain immune system conditioning and how it might influence medicine in the future.
II. While we may not be aware of it, our behaviors are constantly being affected and altered by conditioning. Conditioning is not just a scientific phenomenon that was discovered in the lab; instead, it is the underlying cause of most of our behaviors and responses.
A. Classical conditioning involves the pairing of a stimulus with the desired response for several times until an association is made between them.
1. The behaviorist Ivan Pavlov first discovered classical conditioning.
a) Pavlov noticed how dogs salivate when they smell food approaching. His experiment was to condition a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell just like it salivated to the smell of …show more content…
Another experiment was done by John B. Watson and his graduate student at Johns Hopkins University to show evidence of the existence of classical conditioning.
a) After observing children, Watson noticed that they fear loud noises and wanted to condition a child to fear something that wouldn’t normally scare him. In other words, his aim was to develop a phobia in a child. The child chosen for this experiment was called Albert.
b) The infant was taken from a hospital at the age of nine months being perfectly healthy. He was exposed to a white rat, a rabbit, a dog, a monkey and many other things to test if they would scare him. The result was that Little Albert didn’t show any kind of fear when exposed to any of these animals. However, he showed a fear of loud noises. Watson’s aim was to pair a white rat with a loud noise to condition Albert to fear white rats.
c) Albert was confronted with a white rat and just when he tried to reach it, Watson hit a metal bar that produced a loud noise. This caused the child to cry out of fear. This procedure was done several times until an association was made between the white rat and the loud noise causing Little Albert to cry every time he saw a white
Adel Zakharia
Topic: Conditioning in Psychology
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about a scientific phenomenon which may bring the world fascinating medical opportunities. By the end of my speech, my audience will be able to fully grasp the idea of conditioning, how it works, and the promises it holds in the medical field.
Thesis: While we may not be aware of it, our behaviors are constantly being affected and altered by conditioning. Conditioning is not just a scientific phenomenon that was discovered in the lab; instead, it is the underlying cause of most of our behaviors and responses.
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter: What if I told you that you could outsmart your immune …show more content…
I have also taken a psychology course that dealt with the topic I’m about to discuss and I’ve read a lot about it.
E. Preview of main points:
1. First, I will discuss classical conditioning and go through the experiments done and some examples.
2. Second, I will explain operant conditioning, discuss experiments conducted by experts and clarify using real life examples.
3. Finally, and the main reason I chose this topic, is to explain immune system conditioning and how it might influence medicine in the future.
II. While we may not be aware of it, our behaviors are constantly being affected and altered by conditioning. Conditioning is not just a scientific phenomenon that was discovered in the lab; instead, it is the underlying cause of most of our behaviors and responses.
A. Classical conditioning involves the pairing of a stimulus with the desired response for several times until an association is made between them.
1. The behaviorist Ivan Pavlov first discovered classical conditioning.
a) Pavlov noticed how dogs salivate when they smell food approaching. His experiment was to condition a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell just like it salivated to the smell of …show more content…
Another experiment was done by John B. Watson and his graduate student at Johns Hopkins University to show evidence of the existence of classical conditioning.
a) After observing children, Watson noticed that they fear loud noises and wanted to condition a child to fear something that wouldn’t normally scare him. In other words, his aim was to develop a phobia in a child. The child chosen for this experiment was called Albert.
b) The infant was taken from a hospital at the age of nine months being perfectly healthy. He was exposed to a white rat, a rabbit, a dog, a monkey and many other things to test if they would scare him. The result was that Little Albert didn’t show any kind of fear when exposed to any of these animals. However, he showed a fear of loud noises. Watson’s aim was to pair a white rat with a loud noise to condition Albert to fear white rats.
c) Albert was confronted with a white rat and just when he tried to reach it, Watson hit a metal bar that produced a loud noise. This caused the child to cry out of fear. This procedure was done several times until an association was made between the white rat and the loud noise causing Little Albert to cry every time he saw a white