A Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) is a building, commercial or residential, with zero net energy consumption and zero CO2 emissions per year. These buildings have been growing their importance in the last few years due to their key energy features:
1. Energy efficient technologies are installed with the aim of the energy usage of the building to decrease and therefore the energy demand will decrease too;
2. The renewable sources are available on-site and off-site and fulfil the energy requirements of the building or more (the buildings that produce more energy than they consume are often called Energy-Plus Buildings). These buildings can be either connected to the grid or independent from it, though it is better to …show more content…
(To calculate the building’s total source energy, the imported and exported energy is multiplied by the appropriate site-to-source conversion multipliers.) (EXAMPLE?)
NET ZERO ENERGY COSTS
The Net Zero Energy Costs means that the building has an energy utility bill of 0 monetary units, for example 0€, over the time of a year. There is also the possible case where the building produces more renewable energy that it consumes and the owners can sell it to the grid.
NET ZERO ENERGY EMISSIONS
The Net Zero Energy Emissions Building either uses no emissions-producing energy or offsets the emissions by exporting emissions-free energy, this one usually provided from on-site renewable energy systems.
ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES
PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING …show more content…
An appropriate design of a building incorporating this system results in high initial costs, but saves energy and money on the long run.
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)
The HVAC systems are used to save energy and therefore cutting the energy costs by heating or cooling the occupied space of the building. HVAC systems control the temperature, humidity and quality of the air in buildings to a set of chose conditions. To achieve this, the systems need to transfer heat and moisture into and out of the air as well as control the level of air pollutants, either by directly removing them or by diluting them to acceptable levels. (https://www.carbontrust.com/media/7403/ctv046_heating_ventilation_and_air_conditioning.pdf)
HOW THE HVAC SYSTEM WORKS
LIGHTING
In residential and consumer buildings, lighting is one of the major consumers of electricity and in the light of this it is targeted to be replaced by energy efficient technologies in order to save energy.
LED lamps have proven they are the