Throughout the entirety of the nursing profession, there have been revolutions or “eras” as many leaders of the profession refer to these periods of time where changes occurred to advance the profession. The nursing profession started with Florence Nightingale following her wartime service in the Crimean War. The “birth of modern nursing” is marked at the establishment of Nightingale’s efforts to initiate the School of Nursing at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London (pg. 18)(Alligood, 2018). From this beginning started the curriculum era, (1900-1940’s), of nursing which questioned what courses should student nurses take in order to become nurses. This led to standardized curriculum for programs and the foundation for nursing programs that are
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Nursing models in themselves are frameworks or paradigms for the nursing science that address the patient, environment, and health (Alligood, 2014). In order to breakdown the overall umbrella of nursing theories, there are three stages of classification depending on the generalizability of a theory’s principles (2014a). First, grand nursing theory provides a conceptual framework where key concepts and principles can be identified. Due to its broad spectrum of concepts that this theory encompasses, it is mainly beneficial in a research and practice setting. Numerous theories properly titled middle range theories are developed from a grand nursing theory to specify factors such as “…health condition, client population or age group, area of nursing practice, [or] nursing intervention (pg. 44, 2014). Jakimonwicz states “… middle-range theory bridge the gap between grand nursing theory and practice…” (pg. 1513. 2015). Middle-range theories are less abstract and less broad, making them more precise in order to analyze a theory with limited number of variables. According to Alligood, middle range theories have been tested in research therefore implemented into practice. The evidence provided by this research constructs the basis for evidence based nursing care (2014). The core outcome of the Theory utilization era of nursing is evidence-based practice, using nursing knowledge and frameworks to create evidence for quality care and standards for nursing. Practice theory is the base tier of classification and the most focused and centered of nursing theories. Practice nursing theory is used to explore one sole situation discovered in present day nursing. Once identified, practice theory is used to pinpoint objectives and methods in order to achieve these
Nursing models in themselves are frameworks or paradigms for the nursing science that address the patient, environment, and health (Alligood, 2014). In order to breakdown the overall umbrella of nursing theories, there are three stages of classification depending on the generalizability of a theory’s principles (2014a). First, grand nursing theory provides a conceptual framework where key concepts and principles can be identified. Due to its broad spectrum of concepts that this theory encompasses, it is mainly beneficial in a research and practice setting. Numerous theories properly titled middle range theories are developed from a grand nursing theory to specify factors such as “…health condition, client population or age group, area of nursing practice, [or] nursing intervention (pg. 44, 2014). Jakimonwicz states “… middle-range theory bridge the gap between grand nursing theory and practice…” (pg. 1513. 2015). Middle-range theories are less abstract and less broad, making them more precise in order to analyze a theory with limited number of variables. According to Alligood, middle range theories have been tested in research therefore implemented into practice. The evidence provided by this research constructs the basis for evidence based nursing care (2014). The core outcome of the Theory utilization era of nursing is evidence-based practice, using nursing knowledge and frameworks to create evidence for quality care and standards for nursing. Practice theory is the base tier of classification and the most focused and centered of nursing theories. Practice nursing theory is used to explore one sole situation discovered in present day nursing. Once identified, practice theory is used to pinpoint objectives and methods in order to achieve these