In adults, N. gonorrhoeae infections are primarily contracted through sexual contact. The main infection-sites are urethral mucous membranes in men and the endocervix and urethra in women, but the oropharynx, conjunctiva, and rectum can also be infected. Transmission to neonates during birth can cause conjunctivitis (Thadepalli H, et al 1976). The incubation period is typically 1-7 days, even though it may vary. Clinical gonorrhea is manifested by a broad spectrum of clinical presentations including asymptomatic and symptomatic infections, local complicated infections, and systemic dissemination.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae are transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral sex and therefore the primary infection sites of N. gonorrhoeae are the columnar and transitional epithelium of the urogenital tract (the urethra in males and the uterine cervix in females), the rectal mucosa, the conjunctiva, and pharynx (Hook I & Handsfield, 1990; Sparling et al., 1990). The highest infection rate in both men and women occurs between 15 and 30 years of age. Host-related factors such as the number of sexual partners, contraceptive practices, sexual preference, and population mobility contribute to the incidence of infection. …show more content…
The incubation period for gonorrhea usually is shorter than that of nongonococcal urethritis.
Human immunodeficiency virus patients, gonorrheal infection may also dramatically increases shedding and transmission of HIV, possibly through an increase of the viral load in the semen or cervico-vaginal fluids. An underlying N. gonorrhoeae infection or other symptomatic STI in the recipient may also cause elevated number of CD4 lymphocytes to be available for the HIV infected patients (Levine, W. C et al
Neisseria gonorrhoeae are transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral sex and therefore the primary infection sites of N. gonorrhoeae are the columnar and transitional epithelium of the urogenital tract (the urethra in males and the uterine cervix in females), the rectal mucosa, the conjunctiva, and pharynx (Hook I & Handsfield, 1990; Sparling et al., 1990). The highest infection rate in both men and women occurs between 15 and 30 years of age. Host-related factors such as the number of sexual partners, contraceptive practices, sexual preference, and population mobility contribute to the incidence of infection. …show more content…
The incubation period for gonorrhea usually is shorter than that of nongonococcal urethritis.
Human immunodeficiency virus patients, gonorrheal infection may also dramatically increases shedding and transmission of HIV, possibly through an increase of the viral load in the semen or cervico-vaginal fluids. An underlying N. gonorrhoeae infection or other symptomatic STI in the recipient may also cause elevated number of CD4 lymphocytes to be available for the HIV infected patients (Levine, W. C et al