Gingivitis has proven to be a serious international oral health concern. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reports that 86 percent of Americans have gingivitis. Studies in Latin America report the prevalence of gingivitis to be at 100 percent. Over 95 percent of adults in Southeast Asia and 54 percent of adults in the United Kingdom have gingivitis as well. Gingivitis needs to be treated before it progresses to periodontal disease. Many dental professionals only recommend mechanical means of oral hygiene care (i.e. tooth brushing and flossing); however this study was conducted to test whether mouthrinses containing essential oils can provide additional benefits. Johnson and Johnson collected data from 32 long-term,
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There was a control group that used mechanical methods only (2,562 participants) and there was an experimental group that used mechanical methods and Listerine twice daily for 30 seconds (2,544 participants). Gingiva was considered healthy if the MGI scores were 0 or 1 after 6 months. Gingiva was not considered healthy if the MGI was 2, 3, or 4. A site was considered free of plaque if the PI scores were 0 or 1 after 6 months. A site was not considered free of plaque if the PI was 2, 3, 4, or 5. A linear model approach was used to obtain standard error and to estimate the odds ratio. A pooled overall estimate of the odds ratio was made using the DerSimonian and Laird method. This same method was used to make a pooled overall estimate of the differences seen between treatments. The responses of each individual participant were evaluated by a responder analysis and organized on analysis graphs. The Cochrane Handbook for Systemic Reviews of Interventions was used to evaluate the risk of bias (which was very low for this particular …show more content…
Only 24 percent of participants that used mechanical methods only had a 20 percent reduction in MGI scores. On a threshold of 50 percent healthy sites, 44.8 percent of the experimental group met this threshold while only 14.4 percent of the control group met this threshold. 83 percent of the experimental group achieved a 20 percent reduction in PI after 6 months while only 25 percent of the control group achieved a 20 percent reduction in PI after 6 months. In addition, 36.9 percent of the experimental group had at least 50 percent plaque free sites whereas 5.5 percent of the control group achieved 50 percent plaque free
There was a control group that used mechanical methods only (2,562 participants) and there was an experimental group that used mechanical methods and Listerine twice daily for 30 seconds (2,544 participants). Gingiva was considered healthy if the MGI scores were 0 or 1 after 6 months. Gingiva was not considered healthy if the MGI was 2, 3, or 4. A site was considered free of plaque if the PI scores were 0 or 1 after 6 months. A site was not considered free of plaque if the PI was 2, 3, 4, or 5. A linear model approach was used to obtain standard error and to estimate the odds ratio. A pooled overall estimate of the odds ratio was made using the DerSimonian and Laird method. This same method was used to make a pooled overall estimate of the differences seen between treatments. The responses of each individual participant were evaluated by a responder analysis and organized on analysis graphs. The Cochrane Handbook for Systemic Reviews of Interventions was used to evaluate the risk of bias (which was very low for this particular …show more content…
Only 24 percent of participants that used mechanical methods only had a 20 percent reduction in MGI scores. On a threshold of 50 percent healthy sites, 44.8 percent of the experimental group met this threshold while only 14.4 percent of the control group met this threshold. 83 percent of the experimental group achieved a 20 percent reduction in PI after 6 months while only 25 percent of the control group achieved a 20 percent reduction in PI after 6 months. In addition, 36.9 percent of the experimental group had at least 50 percent plaque free sites whereas 5.5 percent of the control group achieved 50 percent plaque free