Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein had gone to an academic conference about a speaker talking about a sociologist known as Dr. X. The speaker had a lot of knowledge about Dr. X, he referred to many books and articles about Dr. X quoting long passages. But, the audience was confused as to why the speaker kept ranting on about the same thing and not until the end did it all make sense when a audience member asked a question. The speaker was prepared but was not clear to the audience confusing them for the entire speech. Keeping order also is another key ingredient when giving a speech or writing an essay to keep the audience active and engaged. In this case the speaker needed to address what he or she was claiming. I believe these two issues
