Preparation of the sample
The sample must be prepared for testing by:
• Dissolving the solution in distilled water
• Filtering the dissolved solution
• Evaporating the water to increase the concentration
Equipment
1 beaker
50ml of distilled water
Stirrer
1 Funnel
Filter paper
1 crucible
1 Bunsen burner
1 heatproof mat
1 tripod
1 teaspoon of soil sample
1 conical flask
1 Pipeclay triangle
Method
1. Place the soil sample in the beaker and add 50ml of distilled water and stir until dissolved.
2. Place the funnel into the conical flask and fold the filter paper to fit into the funnel
3. Pour the sample into the filter paper gradually and allow to filter through
4. Pour the filtered sample from the conical flask into the crucible …show more content…
LOW
Flame test- Testing for cations
Materiel/procedure Hazard What may happen Safety precautions What to do if accident occurs Overall risk
Cleaning metal loop in hydrochloric acid May cause the acid to spit If the metal loop is still hot from burning then it may cause the hydrochloric acid to spit Wear goggles to protect eyes
Wear lab coats to protect skin Was site thoroughly and seek assistance LOW
Burning metals with Bunsen burners Bunsen burners May cause burning Wear lab coats to protect skin
Put Bunsen burner on safety flame when not in use
Tie back any long hair.
Ensure that no clothing is hanging. Wash under cold water LOW
Hydrochloric acid Acid Could get on skin
Could get into eyes
Could be spilt Wear lab coat
Wear lab goggles
Keep acid away from edge of desks
Always place lid on bottle of hydrochloric acid when not in use Rinse site of contact thoroughly
Report spillage to lab technician LOW
Glassware Glassware may break If dropped or glassware falls the it may break Handle Glass bottles with …show more content…
Potassium sulphate is often used in fertilizers to supply potassium. On advantage potassium sulphate has over potassium chloride is that I has a pH closer to neutral and therefore will have less impact on the pH of the soil. Potassium sulphate is also preferred as it provides a large amount of energy for the cost, 100% is usable by the plant. It is also needed in smaller quantities reducing the cost.
I am not certain of my conclusions due to a lack of repeats in my testing to ensure my results were accurate. This was cause by time constraints. If I had more time I would have repeated the Anion test for a total of at least 3 repeats.
One of the main limitations of this analysis was that the results were based upon qualitative analysis. Many of the results of the experiments performed could be interpreted in different ways by multiple people, for example different opinons on the colour produced in the flame test.
One alternative to qualitative analysis for cations analysing non-toxic cations such as (K+, Ba2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, NH4+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) with hydroxide, sulphates, chloride or
The sample must be prepared for testing by:
• Dissolving the solution in distilled water
• Filtering the dissolved solution
• Evaporating the water to increase the concentration
Equipment
1 beaker
50ml of distilled water
Stirrer
1 Funnel
Filter paper
1 crucible
1 Bunsen burner
1 heatproof mat
1 tripod
1 teaspoon of soil sample
1 conical flask
1 Pipeclay triangle
Method
1. Place the soil sample in the beaker and add 50ml of distilled water and stir until dissolved.
2. Place the funnel into the conical flask and fold the filter paper to fit into the funnel
3. Pour the sample into the filter paper gradually and allow to filter through
4. Pour the filtered sample from the conical flask into the crucible …show more content…
LOW
Flame test- Testing for cations
Materiel/procedure Hazard What may happen Safety precautions What to do if accident occurs Overall risk
Cleaning metal loop in hydrochloric acid May cause the acid to spit If the metal loop is still hot from burning then it may cause the hydrochloric acid to spit Wear goggles to protect eyes
Wear lab coats to protect skin Was site thoroughly and seek assistance LOW
Burning metals with Bunsen burners Bunsen burners May cause burning Wear lab coats to protect skin
Put Bunsen burner on safety flame when not in use
Tie back any long hair.
Ensure that no clothing is hanging. Wash under cold water LOW
Hydrochloric acid Acid Could get on skin
Could get into eyes
Could be spilt Wear lab coat
Wear lab goggles
Keep acid away from edge of desks
Always place lid on bottle of hydrochloric acid when not in use Rinse site of contact thoroughly
Report spillage to lab technician LOW
Glassware Glassware may break If dropped or glassware falls the it may break Handle Glass bottles with …show more content…
Potassium sulphate is often used in fertilizers to supply potassium. On advantage potassium sulphate has over potassium chloride is that I has a pH closer to neutral and therefore will have less impact on the pH of the soil. Potassium sulphate is also preferred as it provides a large amount of energy for the cost, 100% is usable by the plant. It is also needed in smaller quantities reducing the cost.
I am not certain of my conclusions due to a lack of repeats in my testing to ensure my results were accurate. This was cause by time constraints. If I had more time I would have repeated the Anion test for a total of at least 3 repeats.
One of the main limitations of this analysis was that the results were based upon qualitative analysis. Many of the results of the experiments performed could be interpreted in different ways by multiple people, for example different opinons on the colour produced in the flame test.
One alternative to qualitative analysis for cations analysing non-toxic cations such as (K+, Ba2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, NH4+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) with hydroxide, sulphates, chloride or