In the research article, Facial Trustworthiness Predicts Extreme Criminal-Sentencing Outcomes, the researchers, John Paul Wilson and Nicholas O. Rule, are asking if people infer trustworthiness based off the face of the target and how that is relevant to the judgement of this target. This is interesting because it shows the many biases in society, most importantly the criminal justice system, and how they influence the fate and lives of individuals. Introduction…
1. Interactions in which infants and their relationship partners together experience delight and other positive emotions, may create (or fail to create) expectations in that infant that people can experience positive feelings together. Some have argued that these expectations may come to act as an "internal working model" for later intimacy relating. Based upon your reading in this chapter (though you may also pull from latter chapters) do you agree or disagree? Explain.…
Presented in their article Romantic Red: Red Enhances Men’s Attraction to Women, Andrew J. Elliot and Daniela Niesta explain the romantic red effect, which is how the color red leads men to view women as more attractive and more sexually desirable. In recent work, Elliot et al. proposed that colors are able to carry specific meaning and play an important role in psychological functioning through the color in context theory. By showing that red can have averse implications in situations involving achievement context as well as positive implications in relational context, the context specificity of red is directly correlated to the color in context theory. The psychological effect of red could vary in different situations because such signal…
According to Ted Polhemus in “Appearance Equals Identity” the way that appearance is perceived determines a social tactic in which we choose to approach a person. Polhemus observed that giving verbal labels has not worked in the past. Physical appearances were once an easy way to identify a person, but now a slight distinction in one's appearance is enough to identify someone. That has not worked because of a large variety of differences that people face. While appearances provide a sense of expression and character, not everyone has the same views.…
The Social Epidemic of Inequality in Canada: Gender Inequality Through the years, social stratification of Canada has progressed and altered by cultural changes and social changes in society (Cummings et al. 2017). Gender inequality is a prevalent form of social stratification of Canada that engages oppression and marginalization (Cummings et al. 2017; Rushowy 2018). In the early 1900s, the acknowledgment of women as persons was established by the women’s suffrage movement (Strong-Boag 2016). This movement cultivated a pathway of equity for women since society was patriarchal at the time, but today gender inequality still impacts the lives of women including those of various ethnic backgrounds (Strong Boag 2016; Canadian Press 2018; Cummings…
The findings suggest that the mainstream socialization efforts by media advertisements have established a set of qualities that make males and females inherently perceive each other as males or females. For example, being passive, caring, and emotional denotes female tendencies. Conversely, being competitive, unemotional, and independent are the characteristics of a male. (Sociological,…
Breadwinning Moms, Caregiving Dads: Double Standard in Social Judgements of Gender Norm Violators In 2012, Ruth Gaunt studied 311 male and female participants’ reactions and opinions on gender roles and norm violators. The participants evaluated both male and female breadwinner and caregiver roles, and their responses were recorded using several methods of attribution. Gaunt hypothesizes that both traditional and egalitarian participants will hold double standards in their views of gender norm violators, with traditional participants favoring the caregiving mother and breadwinning father combination, while the egalitarian participants favor the caregiving father and breadwinning mother. Of the 311 participants, the majority (24%) were unmarried, 14% had children, 157 were…
There are many differences between both males and females, from anatomy to the gender assigned roles of society. Through the decades, the gender roles have been put into play, in not only our society, but also the societies around the world. “Sex and Temperament” written by Margaret Mead, explores the cultural norms of societies around the globe and how they align with the norms we have become accustom to in our daily lives. “This study is not concerned with whether there are or are not actual and universal differences between the sexes, either quantitative or qualitative.” (Mead, 710)…
In the article 5 Mistakes People Make When Meeting Someone New, by Amy Shearn (2013), she gives five how-to tips on meeting new people and indicates that the first mistake is offering to order everyone drinks from the open bar. According to research, when people do a favour for you, they subconsciously justify their actions assuming they helped you out because they like you. When asking for a favour, it makes the other person feel useful and gives a pleasant sensation. The second mistake is pretending that you do not know a lot about each other. It is a great feeling knowing others care and have common traits.…
The human face plays a significant role in the social interactions among people (Komori et al., 2009). Face shape provides a variety of information about a person, such as their sex, mate potential and personality traits (Rhodes, 2006; Komori et al., 2009). Notably, many studies have examined the influence of certain facial characteristics on facial attractiveness preferences (Rhodes, 2006; Komori et al., 2009). Identification of these facial characteristics is essential in understanding both the evolutionary and non-evolutionary theories pertaining to the origin of and functional relevance of facial attractiveness (Thornhill and Gangestad, 1999; Komori et al.,…
John Berger suggests that the portrayal of women has been largely geared toward the male viewer – so much so that the way a woman appears in the eyes of men defines her (Berger, 49). Emphasis is placed by Berger on the appearance of women, more so than their actions and discourse (Berger, 49-52). Berger also writes about the use of ‘visual cues’ in assisting with information interpretation and how we make sense of messages being conveyed to us (Berger, 49-52). The author argues that we rely on our sight to make judgements, and appeal to the sight of audience members to transmit ideas; he also posits that women have been largely objectified throughout history in the form of artwork, music, film, and other media (Berger, 49-52).…
Heterosexuality comes into play when understand how benevolent sexism and hostile sexism are combined to describe why women are viewed in such ambivalent ways. Men rely on women to achieve desired romantic relationships. In this case, the superior group is depending on the lesser for an intimate experience in life (Fiske and Glick 1996). This makes the women more superior in this situation. Some men may not find this suiting, causing hostile attitudes towards women.…
Teammate Attractiveness and Perceived Performance From the moment a person is old enough to develop personal preferences, the saying “don’t judge a book by its cover” becomes commonplace. Even with this reminder, humans’ ability to overlook superficial, surface qualities may be limited by our own psychological inner workings. Research suggests that appearance is important in many, if not nearly all, aspects of life. It has been discovered that being psychically attractive influences people to judge the person in a positive light.…
Alexandra Duma Professor Helen Kapstein LIT 316 Defying the Gender Binary in Luna Gender identity is the subjective understanding of one’s gender (Morrow 7). The way in which an individual forms a gender identity relies heavily on the socio-cultural environment in which one lives. Gender identity is different than biological sex and sexual orientation. Luna by Julie Anne Peters follows the coming of age story of Luna, a boy who struggles with gender roles and expectations imposed on him by his family from a young age.…
We live in a society where physical appearance makes a huge impact in the workplace and we are judged instantaneously by the way we look, especially when it comes to weight. Weight discrimination is a topic most people don’t like to discuss simply because it’s embarrassing, hurtful and causes emotional distress for the obese individual. Fat shaming and stigmatizing is pervasive amongst children and adults. It’s common to see obese, even slightly overweight individuals often as targets of bias and stigma in every day lives. Women in particular, are susceptible to negative attitudes in multiple domains of living including places of employment, educational institutions, medical facilities, the mass media, and interpersonal relationships.…