(a) The part of the national government most closely tied to the citizens is clearly the Legislative branch. The legislative branch is closely tied to the citizens becaus they are the branch that is supposed to represent their interests, whether the do or not is purely up to them. It is also the most powerful branch by a slight amount, as the people should have the most power. The people are also protected by three terms the Constitution uses: bill of attainder, ex post facto, and habeas corpus. Bill of attainder prevents legislature from declaring a person guilty without a trial. Ex post facto law that prevents punishment of breaking a law that wasn't a law when the act was committed. Lastly Habeas corpus ensures people can't be unlawfully
