The functional unit of the kidney is the nephrone.There are approximately one million nephrons.Kidneys play an essential role in the regulation of water homeostasis,regulation of extravascular volume,electrolytes compisition and acid base homeostasis.The kidney filter the plasma of the blood and produce urine,which allows the kidneys to excrete metabolic waste products.The kidneys are responsible for the reabsorption of the glucose and amino acids from the plasma filtrate inaddition to regulated calcium and phosphate uptake.The kidneys play a role in gluconeogenisis and during fasting can synthesize and release glucose into blood,producing almost 20% of the liver’s glucose capacity.The kidneys are endocrine organs ,making kinins
