Examples Of Institutional Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird

Improved Essays
By focusing on individual racism, these readers fail to see how institutional racism can have a painful result. Calpurnia went to the court before and told Atticus that the kids were missing. That’s when people in the court said that the kids were up there with the African Americans. The kids had to go home to eat and Atticus agreed that they could come back. When the kids got back to the court after eating, Scout shuts her eyes and “Judge Taylor [starts] polling the jury: ‘Guilty… guilty… guilty… guilty…’” (Lee 282). This is institutional racism because the jury was made of all white men, no blacks. Tom had an unfair trial due to jury. This is a failure of the local government because it is their responsibility to make sure every trial is …show more content…
This happened because the court, the Ewells, and the people in Maycomb believe in stereotypes. Institutional or structural racism is more harmful than individual because institutional has a bigger impact on a person. Tom thought about escaping from the prison knowing that was the only way he could die. Due to institutional racism, Tom’s life was ruined. Individual racism only has a short term or temporary effect that can be changed over time. Institutional racism caused a person to want to end their life which is a painful result of this type of racism. Another impact of institutional racism can be seen by the people of Maycomb. After all the evidence and cross examination in the trial Atticus said his closing statement. During his closing statement, he mentioned that “[Mayella] has committed no crime, she has merely broken a rigid and time-honored code of our society…” (Lee 271-272). Institutional or structural racism is shown here because Maycomb, a society, have a system to supplement ways to perpetuate racial group injustice. They have a system which is that white people are only supposed to have feelings for another white

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    To put it simply, the two themes are the basis of the plot and the entirety of the book itself. For example, Reverend Sykes realizes the underlying prejudice during the trial when he says, “Now don’t you be so confident, Mr. Jem, I ain’t ever seen any jury decide in favor of a colored man over a white man…” (Lee 238). This goes to show of how rooted the racial prejudice of Maycomb is. If it weren’t for the prejudice that takes place in the book, then the verdict of Tom Robinson might’ve come out differently.…

    • 1050 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tom Robinson, a character in To Kill A Mockingbird, is incessantly looked down upon due to his skin color, a factor that he has no control over. The story depicts Tom being accused of a crime that he didn’t commit. All due to the community assuming that it’s typical for a negro man to undertake a felony, he’s forced to suffer through unwanted and undeserved hardships. Tom haplessly had the disadvantage of being a colored man. “‘In our courts, when it's a white man's word against a black man's, the white man always wins.’”…

    • 242 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There was racism being shown by the white people to the black people in Maycomb. One big way of racism was when Tom Robinson was convicted with raping a white woman. The white woman was Mayella Ewell and the evidence of this case was very low. It didn’t seem that from such low evidence he can be found guilty that easy. I would say that he was such a good person that he would not do rape her.…

    • 1649 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    We learn from the very beginning of To Kill a Mockingbird, that the small town of Maycomb has a definite social hierarchy. We realize that the African- Americans like Tom Robinson living within Maycomb, are at the very bottom, for no other reason but their skin colour and the misconception that black people are untrustworthy. A sense of belonging is conveyed in many different ways using various techniques throughout the novel. Unlike Jasper jones, Tom Robinson and Boo Radley are actually respected by some people within Maycomb such as Atticus and Miss Maudie, not merely just because of convenience but for their opinions on equality and justice.…

    • 596 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The people of Maycomb are significantly affected by racism and prejudice. Although there are many examples of this present throughout the text, I will be highlighting three of them; the first one being the Tom Robinson’s case. Another example of this is the bullying Jem and Scout receive as a result of Atticus defending Tom Robinson in court. The last example I’m going to share is the town's disapproval of Mr. Dolphus Raymond’s interracial relationship. All of these examples support my thesis of racism and prejudice being extraordinarily present in maycomb.…

    • 283 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There are many examples in the world that prove that the U.S. has a broken judicial system. To Kill A Mockingbird and 12 angry men convey this message very strongly. Tom Robinson’s case and the boy’s case are the examples in the story that show how the American Judicial system is broken. By comparing Tom Robinson and the boy’s unfortunate situations, similar jury’s , and opposite outcome we learn the American judicial system is truly broken and unreliable. Both Tom Robinson and The boy suffer from unfortunate sets of events.…

    • 503 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The reason Tom Robinson became afraid was because Mayella, a white woman, desired him, a black man, and in the Maycomb society, that is a disgrace with dire consequences because black people have lower social status according to the people of Maycomb. “... A quiet, respectable, humble Negro who had the unmitigated temerity to ‘feel sorry’ for a white woman has had to put his word against two white people’s” (Lee, 273). Two witnesses and the victim, who are all white, testify against Tom, a black man.…

    • 408 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The African Americans had their own section and the whites had theirs. Nobody was messing with each other, but that also meant they were not having friendly conversations with the other race either. The blacks have grown up in a racist society and they do not complain about the courts, but when Tom’s life is in the court’s hands they are praying that the jury is not racist. The fact the blacks go in after the whites shows the racism, but having the jury be prejudice is plain wrong. Therefore, racial prejudice occurs in Maycomb’s…

    • 1003 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird: A Blow To Racism Beginning in the mid-1950s, the civil rights movement began to gain traction. There was an uproar aimed at addressing the racism and segregation that was prevalent and widespread in the United States. During this time, some activists—authors and public speakers—gained notoriety for their work with civil rights.…

    • 919 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee, there are many different themes depicted such as hypocrisy, prejudice, courage, coming of age/loss of innocence, justice, femininity, but racism is illustrated more heavily. Living in maycomb, racism is allowed; if you were not racist towards the blacks then you would be criticized by being called names such as “nigger-lover”. Atticus ignored the rest of the people in Maycomb and went out of his way to support a black man known as Tom Robinson, who was accused of rape. Racism is the key theme in the novel.…

    • 123 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the novel “To Kill a Mocking Bird” harper lee illustrates that social norms have a negative impact on innocent people. In the novel, scout discovers that evil is always around but the goods of the people can change that. Born into poverty, Mayella Ewell is an outsider in Maycomb. She had no friends and no one that loved her, she never felt the love from anyone, not even from her parents. During the trial, Mayella knew that she was going to win, even though she was at the bottom of society, she knew the advantage she had of being white.…

    • 714 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the novel, racism plays a major role in the way that people interact with each other and live their daily lives in the segregated town of Maycomb. Tom Robinson, a black man who lives on the outskirts of town, is accused by Bob Ewell for presumably raping his daughter, Mayella Ewell. Consequently, Tom Robinson finds himself sent to court to reconcile the inexplicable incident he is accused of. Atticus, one of the most literate men found in Maycomb, is obligated to defend Tom Robinson on trial. “I’m simply defending a Negro-his name’s Tom Robinson” (100).…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Racism is a key theme in her book. Not only those who were black, but also those who joined with blacks, were considered inferior. Tom Robinson, Mayella Ewell, and Jem faced a lot of affects of racism that the people in Maycomb were extremely showing it in an immoral way! Primarily, Tom Robinson is affected by racism through the Maycomb townspeople, and particularly by Mayella and Mr. Ewell.…

    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In the past, there was a lot of injustice, and there are a lot of books that showed it. A specific book I’m writing about today is, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. In this novel, Justice is influenced by age and race, and is distributed unequally in a small town called Maycomb County, specifically when; Tom Robinson, The Ewells, Atticus and his two children, Jem and Scout are affected. Firstly, the Ewells are allowed to do whatever they want, because they are lazy, and white.…

    • 1192 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In both texts, we identify characters subjected to bigotry from racist individuals, based on the paradigm the white society has placed on the black populous, deemed as inferior, and we witness how this influences their lives. Lee’s novel depicts the racist attitudes, hypocrisy and downfall of Maycomb – an Alabama society in the 1930s that Tom Robinson has fallen victim to. Throughout the novel, we perceive that not only Tom is affected by racism, but the repercussions of Atticus defending Tom have an impact on himself and, consequently, his children too. Atticus’ words “This case is as simple as black and white” relate to discrimination and this employment of verbal irony places emphasis on the complexity behind Atticus’ words “black and white”. This technique refers to the prevalence of racism in Maycomb, which contrastingly does not have such a simple solution, and is recognisable from the jury’s verdict declaring Tom guilty.…

    • 1242 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays