According to research compiled by Zena Moore et al, in order to prevent impaired skin integrity, it is important to understand the greatest factors that increase susceptibility: pressure, shear, and friction. Pressure equals the force applied. Shearing is caused by stretching of the tissues beyond their correct anatomical position or regular alignment, which occurs most often during repositioning of the client in the bed. When the client is not completely picked up off of the bed, and the skin to drags, shearing is present. Furthermore, friction is produced by two surfaces moving against one another, resulting in tissue injury such as superficial scratches on the epidermis. In the pyramid of pressure ulcer formation, pressure and shear yield higher incidences. The most critical influences that makes a person more susceptible to the effects of shear and pressure is immobility. The immobile client is less equip to protect themselves against factors that lead to impaired skin integrity. These additional factors are humidity or skin moisture and temperature. High temperatures creates increased metabolic demand, which weakens the tissues, and humidity relates to excess moisture on the skin. Wrinkled skin is a product of excess moisture
According to research compiled by Zena Moore et al, in order to prevent impaired skin integrity, it is important to understand the greatest factors that increase susceptibility: pressure, shear, and friction. Pressure equals the force applied. Shearing is caused by stretching of the tissues beyond their correct anatomical position or regular alignment, which occurs most often during repositioning of the client in the bed. When the client is not completely picked up off of the bed, and the skin to drags, shearing is present. Furthermore, friction is produced by two surfaces moving against one another, resulting in tissue injury such as superficial scratches on the epidermis. In the pyramid of pressure ulcer formation, pressure and shear yield higher incidences. The most critical influences that makes a person more susceptible to the effects of shear and pressure is immobility. The immobile client is less equip to protect themselves against factors that lead to impaired skin integrity. These additional factors are humidity or skin moisture and temperature. High temperatures creates increased metabolic demand, which weakens the tissues, and humidity relates to excess moisture on the skin. Wrinkled skin is a product of excess moisture