Sepsis, a common origin of pediatric morbidity and mortality, which is a systemic inflammatory response (SIR) to infection. Children with septicemia diagnosed by fever, hard breathing, tachycardia, malaise, inability to eat or lethargy, but those with asymptomatic bacteraemia tend to appearance of no obvious signs of infection. Deaths happened as result of pediatric septicemia are likely to be greater in low-income settings. In hospital setting, the ratio of septic infections due to gram-negative bacteria (GNB) ranges between 30% and 80% where infections because of gram-positive bacteria ranges between 6% and 24%. Rapid diagnosis and effective treatment is essential to prevent death and complications or consequences from septicaemia. The final results of bacteriological cultures and antibiotic susceptibility tests take around a week, demanding initial empirical treatment of suspected septicaemia.
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Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes have been stated in species of gram-negative bacteria. The ESBL enzymes are commonly plasmid mediated and are able of hydrolyzing and inactivating a wide-ranging variety of β-lactams, including third-generation cephalo-sporins, penicillin and aztreonam, but are vulnerable to β-lactamase inhibitors for example clavulanate, sulbactam and tazobactam However, those inhibitors inhibit not all ESBL producers, especially for those ESBL included in groups other than SHV or TEM beta
Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes have been stated in species of gram-negative bacteria. The ESBL enzymes are commonly plasmid mediated and are able of hydrolyzing and inactivating a wide-ranging variety of β-lactams, including third-generation cephalo-sporins, penicillin and aztreonam, but are vulnerable to β-lactamase inhibitors for example clavulanate, sulbactam and tazobactam However, those inhibitors inhibit not all ESBL producers, especially for those ESBL included in groups other than SHV or TEM beta