Dna Mismatch Repair Research Paper

There are millions of genes that are present in the human body. For the most part, genes are responsible for pairing DNA bases with the correct base, and directing the production of RNA molecules, which synthesizes proteins and regulates the expression of other genes, but when some genes are altered or manipulated during DNA replication, they can be very dangerous for the body, and can be possibly deadly. Some of the genes in our body that are mutated can play a positive role in the body in ways such as smoother DNA replication and recombination. Other genes that are mutated do not respond to this change very well, and can lead to many hereditary sicknesses and disorders, and in more severe cases, cancer. One of those types of genes that can be possibly dangerous to the body is Mismatch Repair 1 on (Chromosome 3), which plays a very important role in DNA mismatch repair. …show more content…
Normally in DNA replication, there are certain bases that are paired together. Adenine is paired with Thymine, and Cytosine is paired with Guanine. If any of these bases happen to match with an incorrect base, this is considered a genetic mutation, and can cause great harm to the DNA replication process. When this happens, repair proteins such as PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, or MSH6 help recruit an enzyme called EXO1. This enzyme breaks down the mutated segment of the DNA base pair in order for the pair to be matched with the correct base. Then, the DNA polymerase is able to replace an incorrect base pair with the correct matched base pair, and continue with the replication of DNA. MLH1 is the repair protein for chromosome 3, and if not present to correct a mistaken base pair for chromosome 3, it can lead to the malfunction of genetic material, and to more severe health