Medical Surgical I
Diabetes Mellitus 2
By
Midel Longalong
02/26/2017
Pathophysiology
Diabetes is a complex disorder that changes the metabolism of glucose, fats, and proteins, affecting many end organs and causing many clinical complications such as heart disease, renal, infections and etc. According to American Diabetes Association, there are different types of diabetes, which is diabetes mellitus 1, diabetes mellitus 2, and gestational diabetes.
In this paper, I will give emphasize on diabetes mellitus 2. Diabetes Mellitus 2 is one of the diseases under the umbrella of diabetes. According to center for disease and prevention, about 90% to 95% are affected by diabetes …show more content…
Healthy diet must include high in protein and fiber. The increase intake of protein is not advisable to patients with renal problems. Exercise targeted to lower the risk for complications from cardiovascular to the progression of the severity of Diabetes Mellitus 2. Exercise is necessary such as walking 3 times a each week but not more than 2 consecutive days without exercise. And consistent blood monitoring, ADA said, the normal A1C is less than 5.7, FPG is less than 100 mg/dl, and before a meal glucose (preprandial plasma glucose): 80 -130 …show more content…
In some cases, insulin treatment is crucial in treatment. These Insulins are; Insulin glulisine (Apidra), Insulin lispro (Humalog), Insulin aspart (Novolog), Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin detemir (Levemir), Insulin isophane (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Nursing Interventions
The nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus 2 are the following:
· Teaching:
§ The client must routinely check their glucose level,
§ The client must routinely change the sites of injection,
§ The client must keep a journal of their glucose control,
§ The client must recognize the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
§ The client must take snacks that are rich in protein and fiber (if the patient have renal problem, increase in protein intake is not warranted.)
· The patient must routinely have yearly dilated eye examinations, HbA1c every 3-6 months, annual microalbumin checks, foot examinations at each visit, lipid check up.
· Encourage client to read labels.
· Discuss how client’s antidiabetic medications
Diabetes Mellitus 2
By
Midel Longalong
02/26/2017
Pathophysiology
Diabetes is a complex disorder that changes the metabolism of glucose, fats, and proteins, affecting many end organs and causing many clinical complications such as heart disease, renal, infections and etc. According to American Diabetes Association, there are different types of diabetes, which is diabetes mellitus 1, diabetes mellitus 2, and gestational diabetes.
In this paper, I will give emphasize on diabetes mellitus 2. Diabetes Mellitus 2 is one of the diseases under the umbrella of diabetes. According to center for disease and prevention, about 90% to 95% are affected by diabetes …show more content…
Healthy diet must include high in protein and fiber. The increase intake of protein is not advisable to patients with renal problems. Exercise targeted to lower the risk for complications from cardiovascular to the progression of the severity of Diabetes Mellitus 2. Exercise is necessary such as walking 3 times a each week but not more than 2 consecutive days without exercise. And consistent blood monitoring, ADA said, the normal A1C is less than 5.7, FPG is less than 100 mg/dl, and before a meal glucose (preprandial plasma glucose): 80 -130 …show more content…
In some cases, insulin treatment is crucial in treatment. These Insulins are; Insulin glulisine (Apidra), Insulin lispro (Humalog), Insulin aspart (Novolog), Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin detemir (Levemir), Insulin isophane (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Nursing Interventions
The nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus 2 are the following:
· Teaching:
§ The client must routinely check their glucose level,
§ The client must routinely change the sites of injection,
§ The client must keep a journal of their glucose control,
§ The client must recognize the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
§ The client must take snacks that are rich in protein and fiber (if the patient have renal problem, increase in protein intake is not warranted.)
· The patient must routinely have yearly dilated eye examinations, HbA1c every 3-6 months, annual microalbumin checks, foot examinations at each visit, lipid check up.
· Encourage client to read labels.
· Discuss how client’s antidiabetic medications