The article explores a comparison study on restraint related deaths (RRD) and excited delirium syndrome (ExDS) covering two time frames. The time frames used in the study were 1988-1995 and 2004-2011. Excited delirium syndrome is defined as a condition that discerns itself with symptoms such as extreme agitation, hallucinations, violent and bizarre behaviour, insensitivity to pain and feats of great strength (Mental Health Daily). The study looks at the use of restraints on people while in this state and specifically the effects on those that presented signs of ExDS.…
Healthy People 2020 is a government based initiative with the goal of promoting a healthy way of life. There are many objectives they have set to achieve. For example, AH-5 is: increase educational achievement of adolescents and young adults. This objective branches out into more specific areas of education. For instance, AH-5.6 states to: decrease school absenteeism among adolescents due to illness and injury.…
To assess the association between frailty and each outcome, the multiple regression model will be tested, and adjusted by age, gender, surgical procedures, comorbidity (Elixhauser’s Comorbidity Measure), BMI, malnutrition (pre-operative serum albumin less than3.4 g/dL), and ASA scoring. Confirmation the predictive power of the standard assessment, analyzing the ASA scoring with and without REFS-Thai version, as measured by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves will also be reported. The AUC analysis and predictability evaluation will be investigated. The AUC values ranged from 0 to 1.0; the AUC of 0.5 is equal to chance, 0.5-0.6 indicate a failed test, 0.6-0.7…
Longitudinal cohorts have been widely used in epidemiological studies. These cohorts have been vital for the discovery of important risk factors associated with various diseases and public health issues in the last few decades (refs). Long term follow up of these cohorts will continue to provide valuable data that will lead to the discovery of novel risk factors associated with disease. One of the most important issue with longitudinal studies is the missing data at each follow up time (refs).…
Life expectancy Life expectancy is used to evaluate a country’s health care system and living environment. It is calculated by using the sum of the population’s age to divide by population. Life expectancy at birth simply means how long the newborn is expected to live under the current conditions of each country. A life expectancy of 50 years or less is considered low and anything over 75 years would be considerably high.…
The Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Vital Statistics included much data in the form of different graphs about influenza. To begin, influenza was placed under the category of “Infectious and Contagious Diseases”, contributing to its category’s total of 1,103 deaths and 4.90% of the total mortality (pg. 42). “Infectious and Contagious Diseases” was further classified under “Parasitic Diseases”, which accounted for 9,522 deaths and 42.40% of the total mortality (pg. 42). Influenza was the twelfth principal cause of death in Maryland in 1916, resulting in 339 deaths and 1.51% of total mortality (pg. 45).…
Sepsis and What I Would Change from Current Practice Sepsis is one of the world's leading healthcare problems, which is more prevalent than cardiac arrest. The condition strikes approximately 30 million people worldwide annually. The majority of the victims either end up dying or suffering permeant health problems. The condition is still on record for claiming more lives compared to other deadly illnesses such as cancer, especially in less developed economies (Jawad, Luksic, & Rafnsson, 2012). The most shocking fact is that less than half of the population has knowledge about sepsis.…
In the article "Why Don’t We See More Translation of Health Promotion Research to Practice? Rethinking the Efficacy-to-Effectiveness Transition," the authors, Russell Glasgow, Edward Lichtenstein, and Alfred Marcus explain their opinion about the imperfect translation of health promotion and behavior research findings into practice. Their article addresses the traditional assumption that “the best candidates for effectiveness studies—and later dissemination—are interventions that prove successful in certain types of efficacy research.” In addition, recommendations are proposed to diminish this disconnect by concentrating on the logic behind the design of efficacy and effectiveness trials. Efficacy and Effectiveness Trials…
1. The shift in demographics will have a drastic impact on health status, health services, and health expenditures. With constant advancement in research in technology regarding health and diseases, the population of old age people is increasing significantly. A way to measure health status is performing activities of daily living (ADL). In the National Center for Health Statistics' National Health Interview Survey, it was reported that in 1980, 3.1 non-institutionalized million people needed assistance with these daily activities.…
A Plausible Definition for Health Disparities Definitions of the terms thrown around public health professionals are often heard but not understood. Nonetheless, they tend to understand the overall drift of what public health professionals are attempting to convey. Paula Braveman discusses the importance of definitions of these core concepts of public health because of the implications they may have. One may think how extraneous it is to contest a definition of a concept like health disparities; however, the definitions of these concepts not only lead the path for health policy implications but also are essential for measurements to be utilized for monitoring purposes by public health departments. Braveman’s lays out a modern, concrete and…
When explaining the term population at risk in accordance with epidemiology it can be defined as the group of people, healthy or sick, who would be counted as cases if they had the disease being studied. So, in other words, a population at risk is those being studied for a particular reason. One example of a population at risk would be a general practitioner conducting a study on the amount of people that believed they contracted the flu from self-diagnosing from information they received off of Web MD. The population at risk would be those patients already on his client list and those who were using walk-in services if provided.…
America has been blessed over the past few years with incredible advancements in medical technology giving individuals the opportunity to live a longer healthier life. However, in today’s American health care system we face countless disparities affecting a wide variety of individuals and groups every year, which has prompted many organizations to report on their progress and to take action. Health care disparities are differentiations in health opportunities that seem to be linked with economic, social and environmental conditions causing difficulties for specific groups. Comparing these groups with changes in health outcomes, organizations such as the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Center for Disease Control and Prevention…
(Williams, D.R. & Mohammed, S.A. J Behav Med (2009) 32: 20. doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9185-0) Medical advances have made it possible for people to live longer and healthier than ever, yet these numbers still exists. In this essay, I argue that the…
According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, humans go through five stages in their lives. The last stage of development is self-actualization, which is the stage responsible for human’s need of conquering challenges. In fact, society provides everyone with similar challenges to conquer, such as earning good grades, maintaining a healthy relationship...etc. Although the aforementioned challenges are already overwhelming and difficult, they are not human’s greatest challenge. Furthermore, these tasks are tangible, meaning they can eventually accomplished through effort and work.…
Liveability and Mortality Liveability is the expression or term used to describe the numbers of survivors in a flock. The opposite of liveability is mortality which is the term used to describe the number of animals which die in a flock (Poultryhub, 2016). Liveability and mortality are calculated at a flock level and are indicated in percentage. Mortality is higher at the beginning of a production period up until the layers reach peak production. The mortality also increases slightly when reaching the end of the laying period.…