Congenital Anomalies Cause And Effect

A congenital disorder, also known as a congenital disease, deformity, birth defect, or anomaly is a condition existing at or before a birth regardless if cause. Of these disorders, those characterized by structural deformities are termed “congenital anomalies” and involve defects in a developing fetus. Birth defect vary widely in a cause and symptoms. Any substance that cause birth defect is known as teratogen. Some disorders can be detected before birth through prenatal diagnosis. “Birth defects” stated that the exact causes of many birth defects are unknown, although influencing factors have been identified, such as the presence of certain genes and contributing environmental risks to the fetus. Birth defect may be the result of genetic or …show more content…
Animal studies have shown that paternal exposures prior to conception and during pregnancy result in increased risk of certain birth defects and cancers. This research suggests that paternal food deprivation, germ line mutations, alcohol use, chemical mutagens, age, smoking habits and epigenetic alterations can affect birth outcomes. Congenital anomalies resulted in about 632,000 deaths per year in 2013 down from 751,000 in 1990. The type with the greatest numbers of deaths are congenital heart disease, followed by neural tube defects. Body tissue and special cells from each side of the head grow toward the center of the face they join to make the face. The mother's consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can cause a continuum of various permanent birth defects: craniofacial abnormalities, brain damage, intellectual disability, heart disease, kidney abnormality, skeletal anomalies, ocular abnormalities. “Merino” stated that. “Children and young adults with Spina Bifida can have mental and social problems. They also can have problems with walking and getting around or going to the bathroom, latex allergy, obesity, skin breakdown, gastrointestinal disorders, learning disabilities, depression, tendonitis and sexual issues. People with Spina Bifida must learn how to get around independently, by using things like crutches, braces or wheelchairs. With help, it also is possible for children to learn how to go to the bathroom on their own. Doctors, nurses, teachers and parents should know what a child can and cannot do so they can help the child (within the limits of safety and health) be independent, play with kids that are not disabled and to take care of themselves”. Spina Bifida causes little or no feeling in their legs, feet, or arms, so they may not be able to move those parts of