Legalism was based off a fixed system of laws that defined a specific fixed penalty for each certain offense. Legalism had no bias or changing of the penalties, no matter what class or circumstances, there wasn’t even an exception for the ruler who was considered to be above the law. While working a case judges had to find out what the crime was and then the punishment was given immediately, since penalties were fixed. On page 59, when Judge Dee begins to suspect Mrs. Djou of killing her husband due to having an affair with another man, he tells her that a woman killing her husband is one of the most terrible crimes to be committed.…
In the end, Hanfeizi’s biggest goal was to have a well organized society and he felt the way he ruled accomplished that very well. In conclusion, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism had a huge effect on Ancient and modern China. The three Chinese philosophies all had very unique mindsets behind them and were executed very differently. All in all, each philosophy is unique and very smart in their own…
China has one of the longest known histories in ancient world history. As civilization developed, so did the ideology of philosophy, society, and the world. There are three philosophies, and one religion that played a significant role in establishing Chinese history. These philosophies are Confucianism, Legalism, and Buddhism. Each has its own meanings; each had its own ways of seeing the nature of human beings, society and the universe.…
Confucianism became the basis for order and respect and was central in governing China.” (Document 5). Confucianism was adopted all around the world and many other civilizations and cultures had philosophies similar to the principles of Confucianism. To the innovative part of ancient China, it was one of the most helpful civilizations from the river valley areas. This civilization invented many things that would soon be used around the world and were some of the most useful inventions that we still use today.…
Thesis: Confucius as one of the most influential thinkers in Chinese history and his teaching of Confucianism have being the mainstream thinking of Chinese traditional culture for thousands of years. Most importantly, Confucius’s teachings have a profound influence on the Chinese political system. This statement, with supporting evidence that will be presented in this essay will show that Confucius’ teaching of Confucianism has being used in the Chinese government for thousands of years and it still affects the Chinese political system to this day. Short overview for the paper:…
Confucianism is a belief that is based on more philosophical than religious ideas. Confucian concerns are ethical and considered the family the basic unit of society. Elders were respected, and men were made, not born. These beliefs led to the mandate of Heaven which said “a good ruler was thought to possess a divine right to govern,” and “If a ruler governed…
Before Confucianism there was the Mandate of Heaven and the Classic of Changes. The Mandate was led by the Zhou dynasty (1122 BC - 256 B.C.). This doctrine asserted the ruler’s accountability to a supreme moral force that guides the human community. The Mandate caused a lot of internally fighting amongst dynasties because it decriminalized constant rebellions. The Classic of Changes was published in the 9th BC and was said to be have complied by a mythical hero Fu Xi.…
The acceptance of Buddhism varied depending on where you are from and your place in society. Some Confucian scholars agreed with the emperor in rejecting the belief as an external, uncultured cult because of its differences, while other Chinese scholars agreed with Buddha, saying that Buddhism had much to offer, and finally, a third response came from a combination of Chinese and Buddhist scholars, who tried to make the Buddhist belief fit in with the already existing Chinese ideologies of Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism. One of the Confucian scholars that was against Buddhism was Han Yu, who wrote “Memorial on Buddhism” in 819 C.E. In this he talks about when the Buddha’s finger bone was brought to China from India. He calls the bones…
The Song Dynasty witnessed a revival in Confucian ideas and influences, commonly referred to as Neo-Confucianism. While Neo-Confucianism continued to emphasize the importance of family and filial piety, it also began to stress the importance of “self-cultivation” as necessary to a “virtuous and harmonious society and state” (Asia For Educators). By promoting arts such as calligraphy, literature, and poetry, applicants to the civil service exams became more educated. Hence, the government was able to recruit more“cultured” men into civil service.…
The founder of this social and political philosophy was Confucius, who was born to a rich family in Northern China and became a teacher and political advisor His thoughts and saying were recorded in the book, Analects. Confucianism focuses on five fundamental relationships; ruler to subject, parent to child, husband and wife, older to younger siblings, and friend and friend. They believe when all people follow the right structure and roles society is orderly and predictable. Some of the key concepts of Confucianism were ren, humanity, kindness, and benevolence, Li, propriety, courtesy, and deference to elders, and xiao, filial piety. It was believed that everyone who fulfilled these roles of ren, li and xiao would become excellent administrators.…
Once again, the Han focused on education of the young. Also, the Qin practiced Legalism, harshly punishing any opposers. That made their society even more destructive and unethical, compared to the economical Han Dynasty. China had three main philosophical beliefs: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. Daoism was a contemporary of Confucianism, while Legalism was a totally different institution.…
Both Han Feizi and Confucius did not hold an important government position. Kongzi believes that if someone is a filial son and a good brother, then he is already taking part in government position so there is no need to speak of participating in government. Han Feizi did not hold an important position in the government of his state due to the fact that he was a stutterer who could not speak his own counsel. Differences: The Ruler ”…
Legalism- A negative philosophy that humans are all bad people. He incorporated this into his laws which had harsh punishments and very little rewards. Confucianism-Based on Confucius’s thinking that a person could improve. These laws were lighter and led to education reforms improving literacy.…
Each respective set of principles seeks to make the world virtuous by its own standards. Confucianism reflects the morally conservative ideas of corrective punishments and ones duty to society. Document A suggests ideas to “secure the submission of the people” through social order and corrective action. Similarly, Document D describes ways for a ruler to encourage men to “cultivate their filial piety, brotherly respect, loyalty, and faithfulness.” Both evidences for Confucianism illustrate how leaders can correct the people and promote Ren through their own virtue.…
The founder Confucian created an up to date moral standard for their Chinese families. Family was the top propriety in their life and parents became glorified. The Chinese Confucianist would try to please their parents, respect them, and honor them because they are a product of them. their ethical teachings from Confucius, says that highest moral standing is giving to a individual who legitimately cares about others and displays it through their actions. His ethical teachings also inspired rulers to care more about the wellbeing of his people.…