Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a term used to describe all kidney related circumstances, where the they are unable to function properly due to damage, for three or more months or have a low level of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), for a duration of more than three months.[1][2] The most common causes of CKD are diabetes and high blood pressure (hypotension) , responsible for 2/3 of the situation.[3][4] The major consequences of CKD in the body are, pulmonary edema, hyperkalemia, cardiovascular disease, anemia, fragile bones, reduced immune response, pericarditis and more.[5] Fundamentally, CKD may affects one or many systems of the body, to fail.[5] The most common symptoms in clients of CKD are high blood pressure, fatigue, diminished

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