Childhood Neighborhood Crime

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These deleterious neighborhood effects have been studied mostly with respect to blacks, but, as the United States has experienced renewed immigration, evidence has also begun to point to similar problems among other groups of immigrants from Asia, Europe, and Latin America. This evidence, for the most part, comes from studies of youthful gang members and drug dealers (Bourgois, 1995; Chin, 1996; Moore, 1978, 1991; Padilla, 1992; Pinderhughes, 1997; Sullivan, 1989; Vigil, 1988; Vigil and Yun, 1990).
Although there is a strong relationship between neighborhood poverty and crime over time, research points to other social characteristics of neighborhoods as being associated with high levels of crime and delinquency. These other social characteristics

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