Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a brain condition that develops after repeated head trauma. While it is most commonly seen in competitive athletes, CTE has also been seen in those who exhibit self-injuring behavior and victims of domestic abuse. Despite the name, CTE is more progressive than chronic. CTE does not begin to manifest until 10 to 30 years after the player has retired from competitive play. Once CTE begins to appear it progresses within two to three years which is unusually rapid. It is important to know the immediate effects of traumatic brain injuries on young adult athletes and how that head trauma can cause CTE for those same athletes later in life.
In addition to any traumatic brain injuries, immunoexcitotoxicity …show more content…
Executive functions control cognition, emotion, and behavior. Executive functions are used when performing tasks requiring inhibition and planning. The prefrontal cognitive control-network that controls executive functions is not fully mature until early adulthood (Berk, 2014). If an adolescent gets a concussion, there is a good chance that the damaged the damage to this network—that is causing their executive dysfunctions—will not heal completely but will cause permanent damage to the prefrontal cognitive control-network. CTE is also associated with frontotemporal dementia. According to the Mayo Clinic, frontotemporal dementia is progressive nerve loss in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Language is effected in people with frontotemporal dementia (Staff, 2016). Common language disorders seen in those with CTE are dysarthria and dysphasia. Dysarthria is the difficult or unclean articulation of speech that would normally be otherwise normal and dysphasia is a disorder that affects one’s ability to communicate. Frontotemporal dementia and CTE also affects a person’s socio-emotional traits, including personality and …show more content…
This reduction is caused by several types of atrophy in the brain: cortical, hippocampal, and pituitary gland (Costanza, et al., 2011). Cortical atrophy is the atrophy of the posterior cerebral cortex. This causes disruptions in visual processing. Hippocampal atrophy causes memory loss and disorientation. Atrophy of the pituitary gland, also called hypopituitarism, is when the pituitary gland does not produce adequate amounts of hormones. Without adequate amounts of hormones, the body’s normal functions are
In addition to any traumatic brain injuries, immunoexcitotoxicity …show more content…
Executive functions control cognition, emotion, and behavior. Executive functions are used when performing tasks requiring inhibition and planning. The prefrontal cognitive control-network that controls executive functions is not fully mature until early adulthood (Berk, 2014). If an adolescent gets a concussion, there is a good chance that the damaged the damage to this network—that is causing their executive dysfunctions—will not heal completely but will cause permanent damage to the prefrontal cognitive control-network. CTE is also associated with frontotemporal dementia. According to the Mayo Clinic, frontotemporal dementia is progressive nerve loss in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Language is effected in people with frontotemporal dementia (Staff, 2016). Common language disorders seen in those with CTE are dysarthria and dysphasia. Dysarthria is the difficult or unclean articulation of speech that would normally be otherwise normal and dysphasia is a disorder that affects one’s ability to communicate. Frontotemporal dementia and CTE also affects a person’s socio-emotional traits, including personality and …show more content…
This reduction is caused by several types of atrophy in the brain: cortical, hippocampal, and pituitary gland (Costanza, et al., 2011). Cortical atrophy is the atrophy of the posterior cerebral cortex. This causes disruptions in visual processing. Hippocampal atrophy causes memory loss and disorientation. Atrophy of the pituitary gland, also called hypopituitarism, is when the pituitary gland does not produce adequate amounts of hormones. Without adequate amounts of hormones, the body’s normal functions are