Aggleton and Chalmers (2000) states in the second stage of assessment the nurse will assess the patient ability to carry out the 12 ALs. Cindy’s pain was affecting Cindy’s ability to independently perform these tasks and it is the goal of the nurse that Cindy independently achieves the same level of functioning or greater after intervention. The main focus of Cindy care was pain. Cindy explained to the nurse that the pain in the Left knee gets worst when standing. According to Roper, Logan and Tierney to assess a patient pain there are three main methods- person’s own description, past medical history and observation to reaction of pain. The nurse carried out the three methods of assessment of pain. The tool used to measure pain was a pain
