Complications Cardiac catheterization is categorized as an invasive procedure that involves the heart, its valves, and coronary arteries, in addition to femoral artery which is a large artery. Cardiac catheterization complications can be classified in to cardiac and vascular complications.
A- Cardiac complications:- ● Threatened closure is defined as tapering of the artery less than 50% during Percutaneous coronary angiography (PCI) with sign of active ischemia (chest pain or ECG changes), causes of acute closure include …show more content…
● Retrograde aortic dissection is rare and, a secondary to coronary dissection usually occurs after inflation of the proximal LAD, and RCA which is more common in RCA. characterized by unexplained chest pain, hypotension, and persistent opaqueness by contrast at the aortic root after ostial angioplasty or stenting (Nguyen, et al., …show more content…
(Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is moving of embolized material to the central nervous system during the interventional procedure, causing a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or disabling stroke, once an embolic stroke is confirmed, fibrinolytic drugs can be given intravenously. (Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF), Catheter manipulation can cause VT, VF, and/or a systole resultant cardiac arrest. While the patient is being resuscitated with intubation, external cardiac massage, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), or pacemaker insertion, usually the blood pressure is sustained at threat level of 50–60 mmHg during cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a patient with a systole who shows no flow phenomena (Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after PCI is defined as an increase of creatinine level of >0.5 mg/dl or 25% from baseline (Nguyen, et al.,
A- Cardiac complications:- ● Threatened closure is defined as tapering of the artery less than 50% during Percutaneous coronary angiography (PCI) with sign of active ischemia (chest pain or ECG changes), causes of acute closure include …show more content…
● Retrograde aortic dissection is rare and, a secondary to coronary dissection usually occurs after inflation of the proximal LAD, and RCA which is more common in RCA. characterized by unexplained chest pain, hypotension, and persistent opaqueness by contrast at the aortic root after ostial angioplasty or stenting (Nguyen, et al., …show more content…
(Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is moving of embolized material to the central nervous system during the interventional procedure, causing a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or disabling stroke, once an embolic stroke is confirmed, fibrinolytic drugs can be given intravenously. (Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF), Catheter manipulation can cause VT, VF, and/or a systole resultant cardiac arrest. While the patient is being resuscitated with intubation, external cardiac massage, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), or pacemaker insertion, usually the blood pressure is sustained at threat level of 50–60 mmHg during cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a patient with a systole who shows no flow phenomena (Nguyen, et al., 2013). ● Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after PCI is defined as an increase of creatinine level of >0.5 mg/dl or 25% from baseline (Nguyen, et al.,