One great organism to study is Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans ) because it is hermaphrodites, transparents and small enough to observe under the microscope. After adding mutagens to them, scientists can get all kinds of freak worms after few days. “Bag of worms” are one of them. It can not lay eggs so its body occupied with dozens of eggs. When eggs hatched inside the worm, larvae eat the mother worm and them come out.
Ambros, a scientists who just finished doctor degree at MIT, first studies the mutant gene of “bag of worm” and located the gene at chromosome 2 and named it line-4. He soon discover that this sequence coded for a tiny RNA instead of protein.
It was in 1958, Francis Crick said “DNA make RNA; RNA make proteins” which means …show more content…
So when lin-4 do something to make a bag of worm, lin-14 fix it. A scientist Ruvkun is in charge of working on lin-14. When Ambros pinpoints the location of lin-4 which is unbelievably small, 22 nucleotides long of RNA. Ruvkun did the same thing to lin-14. After comparing the sequence of two parts of RNA, the two sequence, lin-4 and lin-14 matched to one another which indicate that a gene is controlled by another. This astonishing research is been published, it is ignored by the public because it only appear in one kind of organism so not important.
After further research, Rukun found another kinds of gene (let-7) that appeared in the gene of C. elegan appear in a wide range of species. More researchers began to pay attention.
Later, scientist discover that mutation of microRNA can lead to cancer. For example, different sequence of RNA determine the kind of tumor and the way that tumor acts. Scientist also realized that increasing the activity of microRNA could potentially be a cure for cancer. But, change the activity of microRNA can lead to more disease since it regulates the work of protein.
In Addition, by decoding the microRNA of myosin, scientists discover that myosin not only make muscles contract, but also control heart respond to injur. Since may hear disease are caused by the mutation of RNA, it is possible to cure the disease by changing the modulating the sequence of
Ambros, a scientists who just finished doctor degree at MIT, first studies the mutant gene of “bag of worm” and located the gene at chromosome 2 and named it line-4. He soon discover that this sequence coded for a tiny RNA instead of protein.
It was in 1958, Francis Crick said “DNA make RNA; RNA make proteins” which means …show more content…
So when lin-4 do something to make a bag of worm, lin-14 fix it. A scientist Ruvkun is in charge of working on lin-14. When Ambros pinpoints the location of lin-4 which is unbelievably small, 22 nucleotides long of RNA. Ruvkun did the same thing to lin-14. After comparing the sequence of two parts of RNA, the two sequence, lin-4 and lin-14 matched to one another which indicate that a gene is controlled by another. This astonishing research is been published, it is ignored by the public because it only appear in one kind of organism so not important.
After further research, Rukun found another kinds of gene (let-7) that appeared in the gene of C. elegan appear in a wide range of species. More researchers began to pay attention.
Later, scientist discover that mutation of microRNA can lead to cancer. For example, different sequence of RNA determine the kind of tumor and the way that tumor acts. Scientist also realized that increasing the activity of microRNA could potentially be a cure for cancer. But, change the activity of microRNA can lead to more disease since it regulates the work of protein.
In Addition, by decoding the microRNA of myosin, scientists discover that myosin not only make muscles contract, but also control heart respond to injur. Since may hear disease are caused by the mutation of RNA, it is possible to cure the disease by changing the modulating the sequence of