Bismuth is the 83rd chemical in the periodic table. It is found as a natural metal on the surface of the earth. Bi has a ground state electronic configuration of [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 and trivalent and pentavalent Bi, Bi(III) and Bi(V), respectively, are the two predominant oxidation states. [27] It was discovered over a thousand years ago but was often confused with tin and lead. It is a prevalent post transition metal, which chemically resembles arsenic or antimony. Bismuth is the most naturally diamagnetic element and has one of the lowest values of thermal conductivity among metals. [27]
Bismuth is a brittle metal with a white hue, however, an iridescent oxide may form on the surface showing many colors from yellow to blue. Bismuth has a spiral …show more content…
It is often recovered as a byproduct of metal mining and therefore is relatively cheap to purchase despite it rarity. [27]
It is generally non-toxic and non-carcinogenic which contrasts greatly with many elements that follow it closely on the periodic table, such as arsenic, lead and tin which all pose great health risks. The non-toxic nature of bismuth allows it to be used in the health and cosmetic industries. The most notable medical use of Bismuth is in the gastro relief medication Pepto-Bismol.
Bismuth has been used in many different drug forms. It is well known that bismuth interacts with
1. …show more content…
It has been suggested that bismuth thiosemicarbazone or thiocarbohydrazone complexes may supply anti-cancer properties due to their rich co-ordination complexes. [29]
A Bi(III) complex developed with 2-acetylpyrazine N (4)-phenylthiosemicarbazone (HL), [Bi(L)(NO3)2(CH3OH)] (figure 13 below) was found to be active against some cancer cell lines however, it was found to be less active than using Cisplatin for K562 (leukemia) cells during a 24 h treatment. [29]
Other research conducted in the same year found another Bi(III) compound, 2-acetylpyridine, N (4)-pyridyl thiosemicarbazone (HL), [Bi(HL)(NO3)3], (figure 14 below) also possessed anticancer properties against many cell lines, including K562 (leukemia) and HeLa (cervical) lines. In contrast to his findings with the [Bi(L)(NO3)2(CH3OH)] complex, the 2-acetylpyridine, N (4)-pyridyl thiosemicarbazone complex exhibited very good cytotoxity (IC<10µM) and therefore, exhibited similar cytotoxity (1.8µM) to that of cisplatin.
Bismuth is a brittle metal with a white hue, however, an iridescent oxide may form on the surface showing many colors from yellow to blue. Bismuth has a spiral …show more content…
It is often recovered as a byproduct of metal mining and therefore is relatively cheap to purchase despite it rarity. [27]
It is generally non-toxic and non-carcinogenic which contrasts greatly with many elements that follow it closely on the periodic table, such as arsenic, lead and tin which all pose great health risks. The non-toxic nature of bismuth allows it to be used in the health and cosmetic industries. The most notable medical use of Bismuth is in the gastro relief medication Pepto-Bismol.
Bismuth has been used in many different drug forms. It is well known that bismuth interacts with
1. …show more content…
It has been suggested that bismuth thiosemicarbazone or thiocarbohydrazone complexes may supply anti-cancer properties due to their rich co-ordination complexes. [29]
A Bi(III) complex developed with 2-acetylpyrazine N (4)-phenylthiosemicarbazone (HL), [Bi(L)(NO3)2(CH3OH)] (figure 13 below) was found to be active against some cancer cell lines however, it was found to be less active than using Cisplatin for K562 (leukemia) cells during a 24 h treatment. [29]
Other research conducted in the same year found another Bi(III) compound, 2-acetylpyridine, N (4)-pyridyl thiosemicarbazone (HL), [Bi(HL)(NO3)3], (figure 14 below) also possessed anticancer properties against many cell lines, including K562 (leukemia) and HeLa (cervical) lines. In contrast to his findings with the [Bi(L)(NO3)2(CH3OH)] complex, the 2-acetylpyridine, N (4)-pyridyl thiosemicarbazone complex exhibited very good cytotoxity (IC<10µM) and therefore, exhibited similar cytotoxity (1.8µM) to that of cisplatin.