Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the beta cells (β-cells) of the pancreas islet, and is essential to the regulation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. Once glucose goes into the bloodstream the β-cells secretes insulin which signals the liver, skeletal muscle and fat cells to take in excess glucose from the blood and store it for later use. However, insulin resistance is a condition that coexist with obesity and causes a reduction in the biological effects of insulin such as inadequate insulin secretion. This condition is also as a major factor in the development of an inflammatory disease known as type 2 diabetes (T2D) which affects insulin-sensitive tissues such the liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT).
