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Authoritative Parenting And Permissive Parenting Style

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
There are three aspects that are going to be discussed in this chapter. First of all, concept and definition will be explained with description of concepts of terms that related to parental influence and career choice. Hence, we will understand on how parenting styles such as authoritarian, authoritative and permissive parenting style influence the career choice of a student. Few theories and framework will be highlighted for the next aspects. This chapter will end with past studies that have been done by past researchers. Arguments, suggestions or opinions from different researchers will be discussed in this chapter.
2.1 Concept and Definition
2.1.1 Career Choice
Career choice is a complex decision …show more content…
In her research, she discovered four basic elements that help in shaping successful parenting which are responsiveness vs unresponsiveness and demanding vs. undemanding. Thus, she developed the theory that there were three initial types of parenting styles and that differences in parenting styles accounted for the way children functioned socially, emotionally and cognitively; Authoritative parenting, Authoritarian parenting and Permissive Parenting. Researcher Mccoby and Martin further expand upon Baumrind’s Types of parenting styles by dividing the permissive parenting styles into two categories; Indulgent and Neglectful. Each of these parenting styles carries different patterns of parental values, practices and behaviour that occur naturally. (Baumrind, 1991: Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. 1993). Akhtar (2012) explained parenting styles as a practice where the process of parent take care of their children and thus produce effect on the development of children personality and behaviour and the process of social interaction with …show more content…
According to Borchert (2002), students’ environment, personality and opportunity are the key determinants in affecting how students choose their career. Borchert mentioned that after the key determinants are confirmed, the process of how students perceived the key determinants become the main factors that influence the career choice they make. Researcher Wattles (2009), declared that career planning is not the only factor that affect career choice but also exhaustive career searching with developing socio economic condition. According to Hewitt (2010), there are either natural or external or both factor that influence career choice. He further explains that most of the people career decisions are affected by their parents’ decisions, the rest them choose the career which follow with their educational choices have provided for them. Somehow, there are still a few people choose their career based on their desire and high income. Barford (2014), she had reported that children’s toy could affect their career. Education minister, Elizabeth Truss explained that gender-specific toys could change a girl off from science and maths and sometimes forced the parent to buy Lego in order to get interested in engineering. In the same magazine, “Different types of toys give different messages about what's appropriate for boys and girls to do, and have different

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