Five morphological observations were made from looking at the unknown fossil specimen. See the list of the observations that were made. Figure 4 Fossil Cladogram was then redrawn into the lab journal and a prediction was made on the fossil placement on the cladogram based on the observations. Next, an explanation of the reasons for the prediction was then recorded in the lab notebook. The four gene file were then downloaded onto the computer by going to the website listed below.…
TITLE OF THE ESSAY Introduction In the year of 1984, an almost complete skeleton, with the exception of the hands and feet, of an eight-year old boy was found by Kamoya Kimeu in Nariokotome near Lake Turkana in Kenya (Brown et al., 1986). The Nariokotome Boy, formerly known as the Turkana Boy/WT 15000, was very special in that it was the only hominid from the H.erectus produced with the most complete skeleton and was chronometrically dated back to about 1.6 million years (Brown et al., 1986). The hominid was about 160 cm (5’3”) tall with a brain size of 880cm3. This discovery was thought to be very crucial, because such well-preserved postcranial elements make for a very unusual and highly useful discovery, because these elements are scarce at other H.erectus sites (Text-Book).…
The consistency of their taxonomic profiles and the extractions noted from that time period, are all indicators and correlated to settlements, storage and, permanent habilitation of the Namu population, likely beginning at around 5000 cal…
The feeding habit of modern day Cercopithecinae are plant parts like seeds, fruits, etc. However, their ancestors were much more selective, preferring…
It is clear to an archaeologist which tool comes from which species of people or from which time period based off physical presence of it. Was the tool banged up on other rocks or was the tool carved, crafted and sharpened to a point. These tools also took over for cutting and softening food which resulted in the reduction in the sizing of our teeth and jaw structure. (Evans, Adrian A., Danielle A. Macdonald, Claudiu L. Giusca, and…
Man-the-Hunter does not address this significant portion of food supply, which leaves holes in this hypothesis. Wrangham notes that the australopithecines lacked the physical capability to gather large amounts of food at one time. According to him, the first step towards modern humans was the transformation of the australopithecines into the habilines, Homo habilis. This transformation seems to have stemmed from meat eating. But a second, bigger, step led the habilines to become Homo erectus.…
In the 1985 article by Eaton and Konner, it is established that a Paleolithic diet was better for humans living thousands of years ago and that a diet of this composition could be extremely beneficial to modern humans today, but the main point of the article was that humans should continue to refine the “standard diet” eaten in their daily lives. Whether this diet is considered paleo or not is not necessarily of high concern, but a diet that starts to shift in the direction of the paleo diet. Eaton and Konner produce significant evidence that the paleo diet performed very well for humans at the time, and that a moderated version of this diet could benefit humans today. One of the first pieces of evidence is over the diseases present in modern…
Australopithecus sediba existed 1.977 – 1.98 million years ago. The characteristics of this species vary greatly from modern humans, but certain similarities with tooth traits, the pelvis bone, and a broad lower chest resemble those of modern-man. Au. Sediba is a very good candidate for the ancestor to the Homo genus because of many of the similarities found in its skeletal structure. Smaller premolars, molars, as well as facial features were more similar to the Homo genus.…
Paleo diet has become a popular diet, with the goal of imitating the diet of humans from over 10,000 years ago. A brief history on both diets is presented and it is followed by a review of articles The American diet when compared to the diet of humans from over 10,000 years ago, has changed drastically. Food has become more processed as chemicals are added to increase the shelf life of products and artificial ingredients are added to improve the product aesthetically. This has raised the question whether these changes in eating habits and lifestyle are leading to the prevalence of diseases today.…
Evolution shapes certain characteristics which can be shared by many species of a certain organism. These traits can be related to the four evolutionary trends of hominins: bipedalism, dental change, cranial capacity and material culture. (Gonzalez, pwpt) The three anatomical characteristics of skull one are the teeth and jaw are smaller, the projection of the face and jaw is less than previous hominins and the cranial capacity increases by elongating. The dental change suggests a change in diet from being herbivores to being omnivores because of environmental changes.…
This species dates back to two millions years ago and through fossils that have been recovered, it has been discovered that they manufactured simple stone tools, survived through hunting and gathering, and may have taken on the…
Domestic Grains Found on Hunter-Gather Teeth One of the things that bothered me when I was learning about hunter-gather was what was included in Mesolithic’s diet. Was there wheat, grain, beans, etc. included in their diet? The responses I got from teacher when I asked that question was that Mesolithic people (hunter-gatherer) moved from places to places looking for food and shelter. As a result, I looked into and did some research about the skeleton of Mesolithic people.…
Tools included wooden spears for more efficient hunting or even tools for other activities like sewing. These tools ensured a higher chance of killing and capturing animals with ease and efficiency. Scientists have also found plaque on the molar tooth of Neanderthal that contain starch grains which shows evidence that plants were part of their diet, as well. Although, research has found that “Neanderthals as well as early Homo sapiens show high dietary variability in Mediterranean evergreen habitats but a more restricted diet in upper latitude steppe/coniferous forest environments, suggesting a significant consumption of high protein meat resources.”…
They had long strong arms with curved fingers which helped them climb trees. They also had small canine teeth and a body that stood on two legs and can walk upright. The Australopithecus ate fruits that were rich in sugar, seeds, root, tubers, and bark. The front teeth were wide and and the canine teeth were pointed and longer than the other teeth. These lived in dense forests near lakes.…
Big Idea 1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unit of life. Passage 1: “There are two types of such cells: one is very sensitive to light, the other less so. The more sensitive cells record only in black and white; the less sensitive cells record in color. If we look around the animal world, we can assess whether animals are specialized for daylight or night by looking at the percentages of each type of light-sensing cell in their eyes.” (page 150)…