Race scholarship in the USA has been dominated by black and white understandings of racism. This black and white model of race has been useful in examining the experiences of African- Americans with structural racism in a US context. However, as the American racial and ethnic landscape changes, so should theories of race. Kibria (1998) argues the externally imposed pan- ethnic identity of Asian-American has racialized several ethnicities into one larger race. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 lifted restrictions on migration from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East to the USA. Prior to the passage of this act, migration was limited to people from European countries. As a result of this new immigration law, the Muslim population in the
