Yet one of the most common disorders is that of anxiety. Many will say that anxiety and worry is just a part of our human nature. To some extent that is true. As humans, we need some form of natural response to keep us out of dangerous situations. Yet for those who struggle with an anxiety disorder the response goes far beyond our natural humanistic response.…
Sprague Dawley rats (male, 9 weeks, 180-200 g) were obtained from the Vital River Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) and maintained at controlled temperature (22±2°C) and humidity (50±10%) with a 12h light/ dark cycle. All efforts were made to minimize the pain of animals. The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (No.: Kj-dw-18-20150821-01). 2.3 Chronic Restraint Stress…
Annotated Bibliography Works Cited Page: “Othello, the Moor of Venice” Dahl, Joanne, and Tobias Lundgren. “Behavior Analysis Of Epilepsy: Conditioning Mechanisms, Behavior Technology And The Contribution Of ACT.” The Behavior Analyst Today 6.3 (2005):191-202. PsycARTICLES. Web.…
Annotated Biblography: Children with Anxiety Barrett, Paula, Brian Fisak, and Marita Cooper. " The Treatment Of Anxiety In Young Children: Results Of An Open Trial Of The Fun FRIENDS Program. " Behaviour Change 32.4 (2015): 231-242. Academic Search Complete.…
Did you know that anxiety disorders affect 18% of the United State's population? Experiences of stress and anxiety are growing at a rapid rate in our current society. The tendency towards always moving and always doing seems to be having a tremendous effect on our wellbeing, both individually and collectively. Anti-anxiety pills are one of the most commonly prescribed medications in our country. Unfortunately, there are many issues with these medications.…
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis especially in the dentate gyrus is a unique form of neural circuit plasticity that results in the generation of new neurons in this region throughout life. Neurogenesis is not a rapid process, throughout it a neuron needs to be born and then implemented, and incorporated into an entire network which can take a long time. Neurogenesis is supposed to change the function of hippocampus over a person’s lifetime and therefore adult neurogenesis is different than an infant. This paper shows that there can be an improvement in the performance of specific cognitive tasks, such as distinguishing between two similar objects by enhancing the survival of the adult-born neuronal population. Furthermore, they stimulated the…
It is common knowledge that people often don’t function correctly when they have a psychological issue. “Anxiety and the Brain; An Introduction” addresses how neurotransmitters and hormones may influence the cause of anxiety. This article also supports the idea that brain imbalances cause anxiety. It further describes the connection that is shared between hormones and anxiety. “Many different hormones have an effect on brain chemistry and neurotransmitter production and balance, so if these hormones appear to be out of balance, anxiety many be the result” (Anxiety and the Brain; An Introduction 4).…
According to Anxiety and Depression Association of America [ADAA] (2014a), anxiety disorders affect millions of Americans, however only an estimated one third of the patients suffering from anxiety receive some form of treatment (2014a). A few of the reasons for these statistics are inaccurate representation in the media, misinformation on the importance of seeking treatment, or not being aware of the different treatment options. Any race, gender, or age range can be affected by anxiety. Therefore it is critical to remember anyone can be affected by anxiety (Goldberg, 2014). A small amount of anxiety or worry is normal in every person.…
Biofeedback for Anxiety In American society, anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health conditions suffered by our population (Brauer, 1999). Though the criteria and classifications of anxiety has changed significantly over the decades, excessive emotional fear and physiological hyperarousal are still the condition’s most recognized attributes (1999). These are also the qualities that biofeedback practitioners target to help patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). In fact, biofeedback is a top contending therapy for triggers of anticipated fear.…
Mice are commonly used as a model for study of stress and anxiety-related disorders in human patients. Laboratory strains of mice, however, are highly inbred, reared in artificial environments, and do not experience the same selective pressures as wild populations, such as the ability to forage and to elude predators. As a result, biomedical experiments conducted on laboratory strains may not be reflective of processes occurring in naturally reared mouse populations, and indeed, may not be reflective of what occurs in human patients. Open field tests are a standard method of assessing anxiety in rodent populations.…
The effects of handling and sex differences in rats on anxiety was tested using an elevated plus maze. This experiment was conducted to determine the impact of handling and sex on the level of anxiety in 60 day old rats. 24 rats were separated into groups based on sex and whether or not they were handled. The effects of handling on anxiety was determined by placing the rats in an elevated plus maze for 5 minutes and observing how they explored. This study showed that handling had an impact on anxiety while there were no differences across sex.…
Psyched For a Psychedelic Years of psychotherapy can be replaced easily with a shocking substance, LSD. Researchers have been testing for possible therapeutic properties of the mind bending drug for years. The question now is should LSD be legalized for its groundbreaking health benefits or is human nature too dangerous for the potent drug. My answer is definitely, one take of LSD could have a stronger effect than a year of therapy.…
4.1 Introduction: Stress is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening forms of mental illness affecting more than one fifth of the world’s population. It is always related to alterations of signaling pathways mainly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (Mikhai et al, 2014). Rat models are an obligatory tool to study the etiology and progression of behavioural and biochemical changes induced by oxidative stress. Restraint stress produces an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, which are the major cause for the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative neurodegeneration is a key factor in worsening the morphological responses and deficits in behavioural recoveries.…
It consisted of recognizing anxious thoughts, modifying the cognitions, role-playing adaptive behaviours, and exposure to the anxiety-inducing situations within the clinic. Chi-square tests and ANOVA tests used to analyze pretreatment data showed no difference in participants. A repeated measure multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant improvement in symptoms in the post-test. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses revealed that higher levels of anxiety in pretreatment predicted greater reduction in symptoms later. Reducing maladaptive coping strategies decreased anxiety only when there was a reduction of self-consciousness; depression was found to have no impact on treatment outcomes.…
Understanding the motive for mental health disorders, and seeing how to treat and remedy them, is a troublesome business. This is for two noteworthy reasons, firstly, there is significant variability within patients with regard to their symptoms, their ways of life, their medication patterns, and their social situation therefore establishing a cause and effective correlation is demanding and requires the study of large and well-characterised participant groups. Furthermore, whilst enhanced imaging techniques permit the structure and function of the brain to be analysed within a living tissue, the organ cannot be removed for detailed analysis; specimens of brain tissue that can be acquired are regularly influenced by after death perseveration processes and additionally by factors including drug treatment, injury, infectious disease or seizures. This essay will give an explanation as to why animal studies are vital to understanding mental health. Animals have played an essential part in the exploration of mental conditions.…