The bells on fortunato hat: It symbols that fortunato is dressed as a fool a symbolic representation of what he is
The Nitre: because it foreshadows Montresor’s murder of Fortunato, because he comments on how Fortunato should not go into the vault because he has a cold.
The trowel: it symbolizes what's gonna happen to fortunato
The catacombs: A symbol of Montresor's evil thoughts.
Fortunato's name: His name means the fortunate one, Fortunato meets an unfortunate fate as the victim of Montresor's revenge.
2).Dramatic Irony:Fortunato tells Montresor that his cold is not bad. He will not die of a cough. Montresor